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Orbital interaction between Sigma bonds of a substituent group and a neighbouring Pi orbital is known as:

Orbital interaction between Sigma bonds of a substituent group and a neighbouring Pi orbital is known as: Correct Answer Hyperconjugation

Concept:

Electromeric Effect:

  • In the case of compounds having a double bond or triple bond, the pair of pi electrons get completely transferred to the more electronegative element under the influence of an attacking reagent, this is known as the electromeric effect.

Inductive effect:

  • Inductive Effect involves the permanent displacement of an electron pair of a molecule along with a bond towards a more electronegative atom.
  • The more electronegative group acquires a partial negative charge whilst the less electronegative atom acquires a partial positive charge.
  • When a substituent -X is more electronegative than Carbon, then the electron density is shifted away from carbon atoms.

Hyperconjugation:

  • It is another kind of resonance or delocalization that takes place through overlap between a sigma orbital and pi or p orbital as shown below:

Important Points

It should be noted that even a free proton is shown in the above structures, it is still bound quite firmly to the pi-electron cloud and thus it is not free to move. 

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