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The term Polarizability is defined as the

The term Polarizability is defined as the Correct Answer The ratio of dipole moment to electric field.

Correct option-3

Concept:

  • Polarizability- It is a tendency of matter, when subjected to an external electric field, an atom's electron cloud to be distorted from its normal shape by the application of an external electric field.
  • They acquire an electric dipole moment proportion to that of the applied field.
  • It is a basic property of all matter, in as much as the matter is made up of elementary particles which have an electric charge, namely protons and electrons.

 

  • When two equal and opposite charges are separated by a very small distance, then the dipole moment will form.
  • The dipole moment is the product of charge and the separation between them.
  • Polarizability is responsible for the dielectric constant of a material, optical frequencies, and the refractive index.

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