Imagine you are standing on some point on equator, let us call it P. The geographic meridian and the magnetic meridian passing through P make an angle θ between them. If you walk half the earth on equator, and reach a point Q, then the geographic meridian and the magnetic meridian passing through Q make an angle ϕ between them, then

Geographical and magnetic poles

• The strength of the earth’s magnetic field varies from place to place on the earth’s surface; its value being of the order of 10–5 T.  The magnetic field lines of the earth resemble that of a magnetic dipole located at the center of the earth. 
• The axis of the dipole does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the earth but is presently titled by approximately 11.3° with respect to the latter. The magnetic poles are located where the magnetic field lines due to the dipole enter or leave the earth.
• The location of the north magnetic pole (also called magnetic north) is at a latitude of 79.74° N and a longitude of 71.8° W, a place somewhere in northern Canada. The magnetic south pole (magnetic south) is at 79.74° S, 108.22° E in Antarctica.
• The pole near the geographic north pole (also called true north) of the earth is called the north magnetic pole. Likewise, the pole near the geographic south pole is called the south magnetic pole. The north magnetic pole behaves like the south pole of a bar magnet inside the earth and vice versa. 

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