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Consider the following statements regarding chain elongation during DNA synthesis and choose the correct answer:
1. The separated strands are kept open by DNA binding proteins (DBPs)
2. A DNA chain is initiated on the 3'- OH end of the primer
3. Okazaki fragments are synthesized on one strand; there is continuous DNA synthesis in the other strand
4. Okazaki fragments are joined by endonuclease
Consider the following statements regarding DNA replication and choose the correct answer:
1. The very first requirement of DNA synthesis is the presence of a template or plan along which the new strand is to be constructed
2. The second requirement is of a DNA-dependent-DNA polymerase or simply DNA polymerase enzyme
3. A DNA Pol cannot join two free nucleotides; one of them must be anchored by hydrogen bonds to a DNA strand
4. Replication takes place bidirectionally
When a sequence is generated from ____ ends of a single clone, the distance between the two opposing fragments of a clone is fixed to ________ meaning that they are always separated by a distance defined by a _____ length (normally 1,000 to 9,000 bases).
BAC, which can be used to clone large DNA fragments, is derived from
The combined mixture of all labeled DNA fragments is electrophoresed to _____ the fragments by______ and the ladder of fragments is scanned for the presence of each of the four labels.
Steps of Recombinant DNA technology are given below.
1. Identification and isolation of the genetic material.
2. Fragmentation of DNA.
3. Obtaining the foreign gene product.
4. Downstream processing.
5. Ligation of DNA fragmentation into the vector.
6. Isolation of desired DNA fragments.
7. Amplification of gene of interest.
8. Transfer of Recombinant DNA into the host cell/organism.
The correct sequence of steps is
The shotgun approach does not require knowledge of physical mapping of the clone fragments, but rather a robust computer assembly program to join the pieces of random fragments into a single, whole-genome sequence.
Consider the following statements regarding the DNA-mediated gene transfer and choose the correct answer:
1. DNA fragments carrying the gene to be transferred are mixed with a carrier DNA
2. They are then precipitated out with a calcium phosphate buffer
3. The precipitate is used to transform target cells
4. The Ca-precipitated DNA enters the cell by exocytosis
A cloning vector consisting of CoS site inserted in a plasmid, used to clone DNA fragments of λ phage is
Assertion (A): Scientists can cut apart and paste together DNA molecules at will, regardless of the source of the molecules.
Reason (R): DNA fragments can be manipulated using restriction endonucleases and DNA ligases.