What is the purpose of using square root decomposition?

What is the purpose of using square root decomposition? Correct Answer to reduce the time complexity of a code

Square decomposition is mainly used in competitive programming to optimize code. It reduces the time complexity by a factor of √n.

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Which of the following represents the correct matching set.   Type of root   Example a) Taproot root i) Banyan tree b) Adventitious root ii) Carrot c) Prop root iii) Sugarcane d) Stilt root iv) Sweet potato