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When electric current is passed through a metallic conductor, amount of heat produced in the conductor depends on it?

When electric current is passed through a metallic conductor, amount of heat produced in the conductor depends on it? Correct Answer material, length, and thickness

The correct answer is material, length, and thickness.

Key Points

  • Whenever a current is flowing in the resistance then heat is produced in it.
  • The phenomenon of producing heat by the electric current is called the heating effect of electric current.
  • The amount of heat produced (H) in joules  = I2 R t
    • Where I is current, R is resistance and t is the time taken
  • The heating effect of an electric current depends on three factors:
  1. The resistance R of the conductor i.e., a higher resistance produces more heat.
  2. The time t for which current flows i.e., the longer the time the larger the amount of heat produced.
  3. The amount of current I i.e.,  the higher the current the larger the amount of heat generated.

EXPLANATION:

Resistance:

  • ​It is the ability of the material to oppose the flow of current through the conductor.
  • It depends on the following factors:
    • Length.
    • Area.
    • Temperature.
    • Type of material.
  • R = p L / A.
    • Where p = resistivity of the material.
    • L = length of the conductor.
    • A = cross-sectional area of the conductor.
  • SI Unit = Ohm.
  • In the case of a conductor, resistance increases on heating.

Hence, heat produced in the conductor depends on material, length and thickness.

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