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A, B, C, D, K, L, M and O are researchers and are working in three different institutes, X, Y and Z. They are working in three different areas namely, solar energy, sustainable development, and rainwater harvesting for agricultural purpose. Not less than two or more than three researchers are working in the same area and not more than three of them are working the same institute. K is researching in the sustainable development in the institute Y with B who is doing research in rainwater harvesting. A and M are doing research in the same area but not in sustainable development and are not working in the institute Y. C is researching in solar energy in the institute Z, only with D who is working in sustainable development. L is researching in rainwater harvesting area and not working in the institute where A works. O is not doing research in the solar energy. Choose option for answering question, In which of the institute/institutes at least one researcher is working in the area of solar energy ?

A, B, C, D, K, L, M and O are researchers and are working in three different institutes, X, Y and Z. They are working in three different areas namely, solar energy, sustainable development, and rainwater harvesting for agricultural purpose. Not less than two or more than three researchers are working in the same area and not more than three of them are working the same institute. K is researching in the sustainable development in the institute Y with B who is doing research in rainwater harvesting. A and M are doing research in the same area but not in sustainable development and are not working in the institute Y. C is researching in solar energy in the institute Z, only with D who is working in sustainable development. L is researching in rainwater harvesting area and not working in the institute where A works. O is not doing research in the solar energy. Choose option for answering question, In which of the institute/institutes at least one researcher is working in the area of solar energy ? Correct Answer Both Z and X

Option(2) is answer.

Let's start one by one using the tabular method.

  • K is researching sustainable development in institute Y with B who is doing research in rainwater harvesting. Required table for step 1:
     

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

 

  • A and M are doing research in the same area but not in sustainable development and are not working in institute Y. we will split into cases as it is given that both have the same working area. Required table for step 2:
     

CASE 1:

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Solar Energy

X/Z

M

Solar Energy

X/Z

 

CASE 2:

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Rainwater Harvesting

X/Z

M

Rainwater Harvesting

X/Z

 

  • C is researching solar energy in institute Z only, with D who is working in sustainable development. Here C is researching in institute Z only with D, So Z institute has two researchers C and D this implies A and M are researchers of institute X. Required table for step 3:
     

CASE 1:

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Solar Energy

X

M

Solar Energy

X

C

Solar Energy

Z

D

Sustainable Development

Z

 

CASE 2:

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Rainwater Harvesting

X

M

Rainwater Harvesting

X

C

Solar Energy

Z

D

Sustainable Development

Z

 

  • L is researching in the rainwater harvesting area and not working in the institute where A works. L is working in institute Y as Z has only two i.e., C and D.Here CASE 2 ends because not more than three researchers work in the same working area. Required table for step 4:
     

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Solar Energy

X

M

Solar Energy

X

C

Solar Energy

Z

D

Sustainable Development

Z

L

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

 

O is not doing research in solar energy, So O can be in Sustainable Development or in Rainwater Harvesting, Only institute left is X. Final step and the required table is :

Researchers

Working Area

Institute

K

Sustainable Development

Y

B

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

A

Solar Energy

X

M

Solar Energy

X

C

Solar Energy

Z

D

Sustainable Development

Z

L

Rainwater Harvesting

Y

O

Sustainable Development/Rainwater Harvesting

X

Institutes at least one researcher is working in the area of solar energy are X(A, M) and Z(C).

Hence, the correct answer is option(2) i.e. Both Z and X.

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