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With reference to Indian history, consider the following statements: 1. The Dutch established their factories/warehouses on the east coast on lands granted to them by Gajapati rulers. 2. Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate. 3. The English East India Company established a factory at Madras on a plot of land leased from a representative of the Vijayanagara empire. Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to Indian history, consider the following statements: 1. The Dutch established their factories/warehouses on the east coast on lands granted to them by Gajapati rulers. 2. Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate. 3. The English East India Company established a factory at Madras on a plot of land leased from a representative of the Vijayanagara empire. Which of the statements given above are correct? Correct Answer 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is 2 and 3 only.

Key Points

Dutch East Indian Company

  • In March 1602, by a charter of the Dutch parliament, the Dutch East India Company was established with powers to make wars, settle treaties, acquire territories and build fortresses.
  • The main purpose of the Dutch remained determined in eliminating the Portuguese and British merchandise powers from India and South East Asia.
  • The Dutch East India Company established factories in India at Masulipatnam in 1605 AD, Pulicat (1610 AD), Surat (1616 AD), Bimlipatam (1641 AD), Karaikal (1645 AD).
  • The Gajapati rulers ruled over Kalinga, large parts of Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal, and the eastern and central parts of  Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand from 1435 to 1541 CE.
  • Hence by chronology, we can conclude that statement 1 is incorrect.
  • In India, the most significant event was the Battle of Colachel in 1741, which was fought between the Dutch East India Company and State of Travancore army.
    • This was a major defeat of European power in India and marked the beginning of the end of the Dutch.
  • Due to the corruption and bankruptcy, the Dutch East India Company was formally dissolved in 1800.

Alfonso De Albuquerque (1509-1515)

  • He is considered to be the real founder of the Portuguese power in India. 
  • In 1510 AD, Afonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur, Ismail Adil Shah. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • It was done with the help of Krishnadev Raya, ruler of the Vijaynagar empire.
  • His rule was dominated by the persecution of Muslims.
  • He captured Bhatkal from Sri Krishna Devaraya (1510) of the Vijayanagara empire.
  • He initiated the policy of marrying the natives of India and banned the practice of Sati in his area of influence.

English East India Company in South India

  • The Vijayanagar rulers appointed chieftains known as Nayaks who ruled over the different regions of the province almost independently.
  • Damarla Venkatapathy Nayak, an influential chieftain under Venkata III, gave the grant of a piece of land lying between the river Cooum almost at the point it enters the sea and another river is known as Egmore river to the English in 1639. 
  • English East India Company established a factory in Madras in 1639 on land leased from representatives of the Vijayanagara Empire called the Nayakas. Hence, statement 3 is correct.

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