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With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. IUCN is an organ of the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments. 2. IUCN runs thousands of field projects around the world to better manage natural environments. 3. CITES is legally binding on the States that have joined it, but this Convention does not take the place of national laws. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. IUCN is an organ of the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments. 2. IUCN runs thousands of field projects around the world to better manage natural environments. 3. CITES is legally binding on the States that have joined it, but this Convention does not take the place of national laws. Select the correct answer using the code given below. Correct Answer 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is option 2 and 3 only. 

Key Points

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

  • IUCN is a network of environmental organizations founded as the International Union for the Protection of Nature in October 1948 in Fontainebleau, France.
    • Hence, Statement 1 is NOT correct
  • It promotes nature conservation and the ecologically sustainable use of natural resources.
  • It changed its name to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) in 1956.
  • IUCN is composed of both government and civil society organizations which harness the experience, resources.
  • Headquarters: Gland, Switzerland.
  • The IUCN maintains the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, which was established in 1964.
  • IUCN also played a fundamental role in the creation of key international conventions, including the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (1971), the World Heritage Convention (1972), the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, (1974), and the Convention on Biological Diversity (1992), UNFCCC, etc.
  • Caring for the Earth was published by the three organizations in the run-up to the 1992 Earth Summit.
  • The IUCN was granted official observer status at the United Nations General Assembly in 1999.
  • The IUCN’s activities are organized into several theme-based programs ranging from business and biodiversity to forest preservation to water and wetlands conservation, climate change, conservation, and poverty reduction, etc. 
  • The IUCN’s funding comes from several governments, agencies, foundations, member organizations, and corporations.

Important Points

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

  • CITES is an international agreement adopted in March 1973 to regulate worldwide commercial trade in wild animal and plant species to ensure that international trade does not threaten the survival of any species.
  • Although CITES is legally binding on state parties to the convention but does not take the place of national laws, rather it provides a framework to be respected by each Party, which has to adopt its own domestic legislation to ensure that CITES is implemented at the national level to implement its goals.
    • Hence, Statement 3 is correct.

CITES classifies plants and animals according to three categories, or appendices, based on how threatened they are.

  • Appendix I lists endangered species that are at risk of extinction. It also prohibits outright the commercial trade of these plants and animals; however, some may be transported internationally in extraordinary situations for scientific or educational reasons.
  • Appendix II species are those that are not threatened with extinction but that might suffer a serious decline in number if a trade is not restricted; their trade is regulated by permit.
  • Appendix III species are protected in at least one country that is a CITES member and that has petitioned others for help in controlling international trade in that species.
  • In addition to plants and animals and their parts, the agreement also restricts trade in items made from such plants and animals, such as clothing, food, medicine, and souvenirs.

Related Questions

Consider the following statements regarding the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). 1. It is an international agreement between governments, that is administered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2. CITES is not legally binding on state parties to the convention, which is obliged to adopt their own domestic legislation to implement its goals. 3. CITES was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted at a meeting of members of IUCN. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
In the following question, sentences of a paragraph have been jumbled and labelled as A, B, C and D. You are required to rearrange the jumbled sentences of the paragraph and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option. A: Many nations have laws that protect conservation-reliant species which, for example, forbid hunting, restrict land development, or create protected areas. B: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List lists the global conservation status of many species, and various other agencies assess the status of species within particular areas.  C: Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, and invasive species. D: An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction.
In the question below, are given a statement followed by three courses of actions numbered I, II and III. On the basis of the information given, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, and then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow (s) for pursuing. Statement: With one year to go for 2019 parliamentary elections, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has stepped in to ensure results can be seen on the ground. The Centre has asked states to focus on impactful and public-private-partnership based smart city projects, which would show results over the next one year and have a review mechanism in place. Ministry of housing and urban affairs, the nodal ministry for Smart Cities Mission has identified 261 impactful ventures worth Rs. 31,000 crore and PPP projects worth Rs. 32,000 crore for the states to work on. Courses of Action: I. The move follows directives from the Prime Minister. During a review of Smart Cities mission last week, PM Modi had emphasized on early implementation of projects and suggested that the chief secretaries of all states should review the progress of the implementation. II. These identified projects account for an investment of Rs. 31,112 crore. The states have also been asked to work on 370 PPP projects that involve an investment of Rs. 32,410 crore The impactful projects identified range from building 40 outdoor fitness centres in New Delhi Municipal Council area at a cost of Rs. 1.31 crore to redevelopment of 340 acre area in Bhopal at a cost of Rs. 3,000 crore.  III. Secretary (housing and urban affairs) D. S. Mishra has written to chief secretaries of states and asked them to focus on the belated implementation of smart city projects that have a visible and transformative impact in the lives of citizens in identified smart cities.
Consider the following statements about Ramsar Convention. (a) Ramsar Convention is formally known as Convention on Biodiversity of International Importance. It was signed on 2 February 1971 at Ramsar in Iran. (b) Ramsar Convention has two-fold objectives: Conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands; and stop the encroachment and loss of wetlands. (c) There are around 2100 Ramsar sites around the world of which maximum are in the UK. The Largest area covered by Ramsar Sites is in Canada. (d) This treaty is a legally binding treaty and is a part of UN & UNESCO conventions.Which of the statements is/are correct? Select from the code given below
In which year did India become a signatory to the CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species on Wild Fauna and Flora)?
Consider the following statements: 1. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has a 'Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. 2. The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument. 3. A highlight of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) is the inclusion of a specific chapter aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly. 4. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is mandated by its member states to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC AND UNTOC. Which of the statements given above are correct?
The Zoological Survey of India has signed an MoU with Natural History Museum of which city to implement the 1973 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Fauna and 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity?
Consider the following statements in respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC) : 1. TRAFFIC is a bureau under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2. The mission of TRAFFIC is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the conservation of nature. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments numbered I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are ‘strong' arguments and which is/are ‘weak' arguments and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement: The United States has launched what China calls the ‘largest trade war in economic history' and in its latest move targeted another $200 billion in Chinese export goods. The US-China spat is one of several trade fights picked by the protectionist President Donald Trump as his ‘America First' agenda disrupts trade relations among traditional allies. The growing share of international trade under threat has raised the prospect the escalating trade war could harm the global economy, shrinking investments and undermining supply chains. Why? Arguments: I. Several companies - including Total and Peugeot of France, and Russia's Lukoil - have said they are preparing to exit Iran ahead of US deadlines, the last of which is November 4. II. Trump argued the original deal from 2012 was lopsided in Seoul's favour but has also clouded the issue by appearing to link trade concessions to progress in his separate track of talks with nuclear-armed North Korea. III. Meanwhile, talks among the three NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) signatories, launched after Trump demanded an overhaul of the ‘terrible deal', have snagged notably owing to the US demands to increase American content installed in duty-free autos. 
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Teaching about compassion and empathy in schools can help deal with problems of climate change and environmental degradation,” says Barbara Maas, secretary,
Standing Committee for Environment and Conservation, International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). She was in New Delhi to participate in the IBCs governing
council meeting, December 10-11, 2017. “We started an awareness campaign in the year 2005-2006 with H H The Dalai Lama when we learnt that tiger skins were
being traded in China and Tibet. At that time, I was not a Buddhist; I wrote to the Dalai Lama asking him to say that this is harmful and he wrote back to say, “We
will stop this.” He used very strong words during the Kalachakra in 2006, when he said, If he sees people wearing fur and skins, he doesnt feel like living. This sent
huge shock waves in the Himalayan community. Within six months, in Lhasa, people ripped the fur trim of their tubba, the traditional Tibetan dress. The messenger was ideal and the audience was receptive,” says Maas who is a conservationist. She has studied the battered foxs behavioral ecology in Serengeti,Africa. She heads the endangered species conservation at the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union (NABU) International Foundation for Nature, Berlin. “I metSamdhong Rinpoche, The Karmapa, HH the Dalai Lama and Geshe Lhakdor and I thought, if by being a Buddhist, you become like this, I am going for it, “says Maas, who led the IBC initiative for including the Buddhist perspective to the global discourse on climate change by presenting the statement, The Time to Act is Now: aBuddhist Declaration on Climate Change, at COP21 in Paris. “It was for the first time in the history of Buddhism that leaders of different sanghas came together to take a stand on anything! The statement lists a couple ofimportant things: the first is that we amass things that we dont need; there is overpopulation; we need to live with contentment and deal with each other and theenvironment with love and compassion,” elaborates Maas. She is an ardent advocate of a vegan diet because “consuming meat and milk globally contributes more toclimate change than all "transport in the world.” Turning vegetarian or vegan usually requires complete change of perspective before one gives up eating their favorite food. What are the Buddhist ways to bringabout this kind of change at the individual level? “To change our behavior, Buddhism is an ideal vehicle; it made me a more contented person,” says Maas, who grewup in Germany, as a sausage chomping, meat-loving individual. She says, “If I can change, so can anybody”. What did HH Dalai Lama said to his followers which came as a blow to them?