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Consider the following statements in connection with soil-water-crop relationship: 1. Water utilization by plants is mainly from capillary water. 2. The amount of irrigation water required to meet the evapotranspiration needs of the crop during its full growth duration is its consumptive irrigation requirement. 3. The depth of water required to bring the soil-moisture level of a given soil up to its field capacity is called hygroscopic water. 4. With continuous increase in quantity of water applied, the yield of most crops increases up to a certain limit and then is expected to be constant. Which of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements in connection with soil-water-crop relationship: 1. Water utilization by plants is mainly from capillary water. 2. The amount of irrigation water required to meet the evapotranspiration needs of the crop during its full growth duration is its consumptive irrigation requirement. 3. The depth of water required to bring the soil-moisture level of a given soil up to its field capacity is called hygroscopic water. 4. With continuous increase in quantity of water applied, the yield of most crops increases up to a certain limit and then is expected to be constant. Which of the above statements are correct? Correct Answer 1 and 2 only

Concept:

Below the permanent wilting point, the soil contains only hygroscopic water. The plant roots gradually absorb the capillary water which thus constitutes the principal source of water for plant growth.

Capillary water: the water content retained in the soil after the gravitational water has drained off from the soil is known as the capillary water. This water is held in the soil by surface tension. Plant roots gradually absorb the capillary water and thus constitute the principle source of water for plant growth.

Hygroscopic water: the water that an oven-dry sample of soil absorbs when exposed to moist air is termed as hygroscopic water. It is held as a very thin film over the surface of the soil particles and is under tremendous negative (gauge) pressure. This water is not available to plants.

Plant roots extract water from the soil. Most of this water doesn’t remain in the plant but escapes to the atmosphere as vapor through the plant's leaves and stems, a process which is called transpiration and occurs mostly during the daytime.

The water on the soil surface, as well as the water attaching to the leaves and stem of a plant during a rainfall, also is lost to the atmosphere by evaporation. Hence, the water need of a crop consists of transpiration plus evaporation, together called evapotranspiration.

The amount of irrigation water required to meet the evapotranspiration needs of the crop during its full growth duration is its consumptive irrigation requirement.

The crop yield which is expressed as (quintal/ha) increases with an increase in water and reaches a certain level and then falls down.

So here statements 1 & 2 are correct.

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