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Which one of the following pairs of properties of typical air masses is correct? Air Mass Source Region A. Maritime Equatorial Warm oceans in the equatorial zone B. Maritime Polar Warm oceans in the tropical zone C. Continental Tropical Less warm oceans in the tropical zone D. Continental Polar Moist oceans in the polar zone

Which one of the following pairs of properties of typical air masses is correct? Air Mass Source Region A. Maritime Equatorial Warm oceans in the equatorial zone B. Maritime Polar Warm oceans in the tropical zone C. Continental Tropical Less warm oceans in the tropical zone D. Continental Polar Moist oceans in the polar zone Correct Answer A

The correct answer is option 1, i.e A.

Air Masses

  • The air with distinctive characteristics in terms of temperature and humidity is called an air mass. It is a large body of air having little horizontal variation in temperature and moisture at any given level of altitude.
  • When the air mass remains over a homogeneous area for a sufficiently long time, it acquires the characteristics of the area. The homogeneous regions can be the vast ocean surface or vast plains and plateaus.
  • Air masses form an integral part of the global planetary wind system. Therefore, they are associated with one or other wind belt.
  • Air masses are commonly classified according to four basic source regions with respect to latitude. These are Polar (cold), Arctic (very cold), Equatorial (warm and very moist), and Tropical (warm).
  • Based on the above source region, the following types of air masses are recognized:

Maritime Equatorial (mE)

  • Equatorial air masses develop at latitudes from 25 degrees north to 10 degrees south in the equatorial region.
  • Temperatures are high, and because there isn't much land at those latitudes, equatorial air masses are all warm maritime.  Hence option 1 is correct.
  • They are laden with moisture because water readily evaporates into the hot air at the equator

Continental tropical (cT)

  • The continental Tropical (cT) air mass originates in arid or desert regions in the middle or lower latitudes, principally during the summer season.
  • It is characterised as hot, dry, stable air aloft (unstable surface air)

Maritime Tropical (mT)

  • The maritime Tropical (mT) is the most important moisture-bearing and rain-producing air mass throughout the year.
  • It is warm, moist, usually unstable.

Maritime polar (mP)

  • Maritime polar (mP) air masses are cool, moist, and unstable.
  • Some maritime polar air masses originate as continental polar air masses over Asia and move westward over the Pacific, collecting warmth and moisture from the ocean

Continental polar (cP)

  • Continental polar (cP) or continental arctic (cA) air usually forms during the cold period of the year over extensive land areas such as central Asia and northern Canada.
  • These are cold, dry, stable.

Related Questions

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  1. maritime tropical(mT)
  2. maritime polar(mP)
  3. maritime arctic(mA)
  4. continental polar(cP)
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