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Given below are two statements- one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R): Assertion (A) : Ajatashatru is believed to have murdered his father in about 493 BC. He annexed Kosala despite the fact that its ruler was his maternal uncle. Reason (R) : Ajatashatru, the son of Bimbisara of Magadh, was impatient to become the ruler of Magadh and annexed the regions. In the context of the above two statements, which of the following is correct?

Given below are two statements- one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R): Assertion (A) : Ajatashatru is believed to have murdered his father in about 493 BC. He annexed Kosala despite the fact that its ruler was his maternal uncle. Reason (R) : Ajatashatru, the son of Bimbisara of Magadh, was impatient to become the ruler of Magadh and annexed the regions. In the context of the above two statements, which of the following is correct? Correct Answer Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Assertion and reasoning type question has one assertion (A) and one reason (R). We must first determine whether the statement is true. If the statement is true, we must next determine whether the reason correctly explains the assertion.

First, we will consider the statement of Assertion.

  • Ajatashatru ruled from 492 to 460 BCE or early 5th century BC was a king of the Haryanka dynasty of Magadha in East India.
  • He was the son of King Bimbisara and was a contemporary of both Mahavira and Gautama Buddha.
  • He forcefully took over the kingdom of Magadha from his father and imprisoned him. It is believed to have murdered his father in about 493 BC.
  • He fought a war against Vajji, ruled by the Lichchhavis, and conquered the republic of Vaishali. 
  • He annexed Kosala despite the fact that its ruler was his maternal uncle.

Hence, the statement provided in the assertion is true.

Now we will consider the statement of Reason.

  • Ajatashatru followed policies of conquest and expansion. 
  • He defeated his neighbours including the king of Kosala; his brothers when at odds with him, went to Kashi, which had been given to Bimbisara as dowry. 
  • This led to a war between Magadha and Kosala. Ajatashatru occupied Kashi and captured the smaller kingdoms. Magadha under Ajatashatru became the most powerful kingdom in North India.
  • He is the inventor of two weapons used in a war called rathamusala (Scythed chariot) and mahashilakantaka (engine for ejecting big stones).
  • So, we can say that Ajatashatru was over-ambitious and expanded his kingdom.

Hence, the statement provided in the reason is correct and the correct explanation of Assertion.

Conclusion- We can say that both statements of Assertion and Reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

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