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With reference to Swami Dayanand Saraswati, consider the following statements: 1. He believed in the four-fold varna division of Hindu society. 2. He criticized Puranas for distorting Hinduism. 3. He believed that the aim of human life was to attain moksha. Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to Swami Dayanand Saraswati, consider the following statements: 1. He believed in the four-fold varna division of Hindu society. 2. He criticized Puranas for distorting Hinduism. 3. He believed that the aim of human life was to attain moksha. Which of the statements given above are correct? Correct Answer 1 and 2 only

The correct statement is 1 and 2.

Key Points

  • Dayanand Saraswati believed in chaturvarna (four-fold varna division of Hindu society and sought to maintain it on the basis of virtue.
    • "He deserves to be a Brahman who has acquired the best knowledge and character, and an ignorant person is fit to be classed as a shudra". Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • Dayanand strongly criticized the escapist Hindu belief in Maya (illusion) as the running theme of all physical existence and the aim of human life as a struggle to attain moksha (salvation) through escape from this evil world to seek union with God. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
  • He criticized later Hindu scriptures such as the Puranas and the ignorant priests for distorting Hinduism. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

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