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Consider the following statements with reference to Public Interest Litigations (PILs). 1. Public Interest Litigation purely based on newspaper reports are maintainable in courts. 2. PIL need not be filed by the aggrieved party only. 3. PILs can help develop the law by giving judges the opportunity to interpret legislation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements with reference to Public Interest Litigations (PILs). 1. Public Interest Litigation purely based on newspaper reports are maintainable in courts. 2. PIL need not be filed by the aggrieved party only. 3. PILs can help develop the law by giving judges the opportunity to interpret legislation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Correct Answer 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is 2 and 3 only.

Important Points

  • Public interest litigation is the use of the law to advance human rights and equality or raise issues of broad public concern.  It helps advance the cause of minority or disadvantaged groups or individuals.
  • The introduction of PIL in India was facilitated by the relaxation of the traditional rule of ‘locus standi’.
    • According to this rule, only that person whose rights are infringed alone can move the court for the remedies, whereas, the PIL is an exception to this traditional rule.
    • Under the PIL, any public-spirited citizen or a social organisation can move the court for the enforcement of the rights of any person or group of persons who because of their poverty or ignorance or socially or economically disadvantaged position are themselves unable to approach the court for the remedies.
    • Thus, in a PIL, any member of the public having ‘sufficient interest’ can approach the court for enforcing the rights of other persons and redressal of a common grievance. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
  • Public interest litigation can:
    • Clarify the law.
    • Hold public bodies to account by ensuring that they make appropriate decisions, act fairly and transparently and within the remit of their powers.
    • Help develop the law by giving judges the opportunity to interpret legislation. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
    • Give vulnerable people a voice by highlighting an important issue and providing a platform for advocating for their rights.
    • Raise awareness of important issues encouraging public debate and media coverage.

Mistake Points

  • Recently, the Kerala High Court dismissed a public interest litigation (PIL) petition on the ground that it was based “purely on a (news) paper report”. (MV Arun v. District Collector and Ors.)
    • The court said that giving due consideration to the decisions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court, on Public Interest Litigations, merely on newspaper reports, no writ petition can be entertained. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct.

Related Questions

A public interest litigation is maintainable in which of the following cases?
1. A public interest litigation is filed contrary to the stand taken by those who were affected by the action
2. If public interest litigation is filed on a subject which was the subject matter of an earlier writ petition
Select the answer:
Who is called the "mother of public interest litigations", having filed more than 100 public interest litigations in the courts, prominent among them being the famous Bhagalpur Ankhphodwa case and the undertrial case?
Which of the following is true about PIL? P. Once a PIL is filed and a hearing is held then it cannot be allowed to be withdrawn. Q. It is not necessary for a person filing a PIL to show their interest.
Consider the following statements: 1. The motion to impeach a Judge of the Supreme Court of India cannot be rejected by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha as per the judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968. 2. The Constitution of India defines and gives details of what constitutes 'incapacity and proved misbehaviour' of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India 3. The details of the process of impeachment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India are given in the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968. 4. If the motion for the impeachment of a Judge is taken up for voting, the law requires the motion to be backed by each House of the Parliament and supported by a majority of total membership of that House and by not less than two-thirds of total members of that House present and voting. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements:
Whenever the question is whether a State Legislation has encroached upon the field of the Union Legislation, the Court will decide the competence of the Legislature and validity, of such legislation by applying
1. Repugnancy
2. Colourable legislation
3. Pith and substance
4. Harmonious construction
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Two statements are followed by three Conclusions I, II and III. You have to consider the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You are to decide which of the given conclusions can definitely be drawn from the given statements and indicate your answer accordingly. Statements: I. Political parties that opposed simultaneous polls before the Law Commission mostly cited federalism, Constitution and impracticability for their opposition, but Goa Forward Party chose coconuts to drive home its point against the proposal of ‘One Nation, One Election'. II. The regional party that is part of the BJP-led Goa government cited coconut, its party symbol, to argue that regional issues will go unaddressed in the noise of simultaneous polls. Conclusions: I. To buttress its reasoning, Goa Forward Party representative cited the party's history and struggle in protesting against cutting down of coconut trees in Goa before it came to power with ally BJP in March 2017. II. The party had protested against the BJP government's decision to amend rules to simplify the procedure of cutting down coconut trees by removing it from the list of trees. III. The commission held talks with political parties on the proposal of simultaneous elections.
Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by three conclusions. Give answer :

Statement : 'Several labour and industrial courts in this State have no proper premises. Vacancies of judges and stenos are kept pending.' - A statement of a retired judge of State X.

Assumptions:
I. Adequate number of staff and judges helps in the smooth functioning of the industrial and labour courts.
II. The State is not bothered about the condition of the labour and industrial courts.
III. Physical facilities of an office help in increasing efficiency of its employees.
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Just as space permeates everything in the universe, love permeates every part, every aspect of creation. If there is one answer to the question, “How and why doesthis world exist?” the answer, in one word, is Love. Rather, the answer is Pure Love, since the word love has lost its meaning. Your very existence is an expression of pure unconditional love of the Source (you may call it Consciousness, Creator, God, Divine Self). This is the truth of your being.True love transcends both love and hatred. It is unconditional, unquestioning, boundless, unchanging love. It is overflowing love of the Source for the Source throughall of creation. True love is way beyond the personalized love that two or more individuals assert on one another. Personalized love, though apparently selfless, is rooted in desiresand conditional satisfaction. We have been brought up in a society that judges love based on conditions. We have been made to believe that we can receive love only when we fit into peoplesexpectations. If we are not good enough, we will be deprived of love. These beliefs have influenced the collective psyche of families, groups, communities, and societies since generations to such an extent that love has been reduced tofear of denial. We need to shift from the paradigm of false conditional love to the essence of pure unconditional love . The experience of true love comes with surrender of the false I, in letting go of the feeling of separateness. Without this sacrifice, it is not possible to attain divinelove. When this separate I is discarded, you embrace everything in oneness and catch a glimpse of pure love. True love can be experienced only through giving, not by demanding. People who exist in your life are not here to love you. They are here to remind you that you arethe Source of Love. By knowing that you are the Source of love, you can love yourself, instead of waiting to receive love from the world. Ask yourself, “Why do I need an agent to love myself?” Waiting for the world to love you, is like hiring an agent to love yourself! It is time for you to honor yourself as the Source of love. You have undertaken this human journey to realize and express the boundless love that you truly are. According to the passage, which of the following statement is not TRUE?
Two statements are given followed by two conclusions I, II, III and IV. You have to consider these statements to be true, even if they seem at variance from commonly known facts. Decide which of the given conclusions logically follow/s from the given statement. Statements: 1. All judges are lawyers. 2. Some lawyers are seniors. Conclusions: I. Some seniors are judges. II. Some seniors are lawyers. III. Some lawyers are judges. IV. Some judges are seniors. 
A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given fouralternatives. Just as space permeates everything in the universe, love permeates every part, every aspect of creation. If there is one answer to the question, “How and why doesthis world exist?” the answer, in one word, is Love. Rather, the answer is Pure Love, since the word love has lost its meaning. Your very existence is an expression of pure unconditional love of the Source (you may call it Consciousness, Creator, God, Divine Self). This is the truth of your being.True love transcends both love and hatred. It is unconditional, unquestioning, boundless, unchanging love. It is overflowing love of the Source for the Source throughall of creation. True love is way beyond the personalized love that two or more individuals assert on one another. Personalized love, though apparently selfless, is rooted in desiresand conditional satisfaction. We have been brought up in a society that judges love based on conditions. We have been made to believe that we can receive love only when we fit into peoplesexpectations. If we are not good enough, we will be deprived of love. These beliefs have influenced the collective psyche of families, groups, communities, and societies since generations to such an extent that love has been reduced tofear of denial. We need to shift from the paradigm of false conditional love to the essence of pure unconditional love . The experience of true love comes with surrender of the false I, in letting go of the feeling of separateness. Without this sacrifice, it is not possible to attain divinelove. When this separate I is discarded, you embrace everything in oneness and catch a glimpse of pure love. True love can be experienced only through giving, not by demanding. People who exist in your life are not here to love you. They are here to remind you that you arethe Source of Love. By knowing that you are the Source of love, you can love yourself, instead of waiting to receive love from the world. Ask yourself, “Why do I need an agent to love myself?” Waiting for the world to love you, is like hiring an agent to love yourself! It is time for you to honor yourself as the Source of love. You have undertaken this human journey to realize and express the boundless love that you truly are. Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE about pure love?