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Which of the following is NOT a style of Hindustani classical music?

Which of the following is NOT a style of Hindustani classical music? Correct Answer Alapana

The correct answer is Alapana.

Key Points

  • Hindustani classical music is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent's northern regions.
  • It's also known as Shastriya sangeet or North Indian classical music.
  • Its roots can be traced back to the 12th century CE when it split from Carnatic music, the southern classical tradition.
  • Dhrupad, Khyal, and Tarana are the three major vocal genres or styles associated with Hindustani classical music.
  • Dhamar, Trivat, Chaiti, Kajari, Tappa, Tap-Khyal, Ashtapadis, Thumri, Dadra, Ghazal, and Bhajan are light classical genres that do not follow the strict principles of classical music.
  • Tansen is widely regarded as the founder of Hindustani music.
  • Alapana:
    • The exposition of a raga or tone is known as alapana or ragam.
    • It is the first element of Ragam Tanam Pallavi (RTP), which demonstrates a Carnatic musician's ability to comprehend a raga and compose music to accompany it.

Additional Information

  • Thumri:
    • ​Thumri is the most famous light-classical music form in North India, founded at the court of Lucknow's king Wajid Ali Shah in the 19th century.
    • It has strong ties to kathak, the principal classical dance form of North India, of which the Shah was a leading exponent.
    • The word "thumri" comes from the Hindi verb thumuknaa, which means "to walk with a dancing gait in such a way that the ankle-bells tinkle."
  • Dhrupad:
    • It is the oldest known style of major vocal style associated with Hindustani classical music, Haveli Sangeet of Pushtimarg Sampraday, and is also related to the South Indian Carnatic tradition.
    • Apart from the Dagar tradition, the Darbhanga tradition is one of the two primary living Dhrupad Gharanas.
    • Dhrupad's Darbhanga gharana is represented by the Mallik family.
    • The founders of the tradition are Radha Krishna and Karta Ram, the court musicians for the Nawab of Darbhanga.
    • The primary instrument used for dhrupad has been the Rudra Veena, but the surbahar and the Sursringar are also used.
  • Tappa:​
    • Tappa is a type of semi-classical Indian vocal music.
    • Its specialty is a rapid, nuanced, and knotty composition with a rolling rhythm.
    • Its melodies are beautiful and pleasant, and they portray a lover's emotional outbursts.
    • Tappe were usually sung in royal courts by songstresses known as Baigees.
    • Shori Mian, also known as Mian Ghulam Nabi Shori, was an Indian Hindustani classical music composer who lived from 1742 to 1792.
    • Asaf-Ud-Dowlah, Nawab of Awadh, employed him as a court singer. In Punjab, he composed tappa, one of the most difficult classical genres. 

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