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Gastroesophageal reflux: The return of stomach contents back up into the esophagus This frequently causes heartburn because of irritation of the esophagus by stomach acid.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD) can lead to scarring and stricture of the esophagus, requiring stretching (dilating) of the esophagus. 10% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett's esophagus which increases the risk of cancer of the esophagus. 80% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease also have a hiatal hernia.

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