What do you mean by gravitational constant? State its SI units.

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1. From Newton’s law of gravitation, \(F = G \frac{m_1m_2}{r^2}\)

where, G = constant called universal gravitational constant Its value is 667 X 10-11 N m2/kg2.

2. \(G = \frac{Fr^2}{m_i\,m_2}\)

If m1 = m2 = 1 kg, r = 1 m then F = G. 

Hence, the universal gravitational constant is the force of gravitation between two particles of unit mass separated by unit distance.

3. Unit: N m2/kg2 in SI system.

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