Although heat is a path function but heat absorbed by the system under certain specific conditions is independent of path.

Question

Although heat is a path function but heat absorbed by the system under certain specific conditions is independent of path.

Although heat is a path function but heat absorbed by the system under certain specific conditions is independent of path. What are those conditions? Explain.

Monjur Alahi

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2025-01-04 04:42

1 Answers

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Salim Ahmed Kawsar · Accepted Answer · 2023-02-05T15:29:48+06:00

At constant volume

By first law of thermodynamics:

q = ΔU + (–w)

(–w) = pΔV

∴ q = ΔU + pΔV

ΔV = 0, since volume is constant.

∴ q_V = ΔU + 0

⇒ q_V = ΔU = change in internal energy

At constant pressure

q_p = ΔU + pΔV

But, ΔU + pΔV = ΔH

∴ q_p = ΔH = change in enthalpy.

So, at a constant volume and at constant pressure heat change is a state function because it is equal to change in internal energy and change in enthalpy respectively which are state functions.