(a) Why is separation of lanthanoid elements dificult ?
(b) Transition metal exhibit higher enthalpies of atomization. Explain why ?
(c) Why have the transition metal high enthalpy of hydration ?
(a) Due to lanthanide contraction, the size of these elements is nearly same.
(b) Transition metal contain large number of unpaired electrons, and they
have strong interatomic attractions.
(c) Due to their small size and large nuclear charge.
(b)The elements of group 14 have 4 valence electrons. Therefore, the oxidation state of the group is +4. However, as a result of the inert pair effect, the lower oxidation...
Transition elements are those elements in which the atoms or ions (in stable oxidation state) contain partially filled d-orbital. These elements lie in the d-block and show a transition of...
Transition metals have a partially filled d−orbital. Therefore, the electronic configuration of transition elements is (n − 1)d1-10 ns0-2.
The non-transition elements either do not have a d−orbital or have a...
Inner transition metals are those elements in which the last electron enters the f-orbital. The elements in which the 4f and the 5f orbitals are progressively filled are called f-block...
The lanthanides that exhibit +2 and +4 states are shown in the given table. The atomic numbers of the elements are given in the parenthesis.
+2
+4
Nd (60)
Ce (58)
Sm (62)
Pr (59)
Eu (63)
Nd...
Ionization enthalpies are found to increase in the given series due to a continuous filling
of the inner d-orbitals. The irregular variations of ionization enthalpies can be attributed to the extra...
(a) Working capital of a firm refers to the amount of current assets which are in excess over current liabilities. If a company has a higher working capital then there will...
i. The variability in oxidation states of transition metals is due to the incomplete filling of d-orbitals in such a way that their oxidation states differ from each other by...
(i) This is because transition metals have strong metallic bonds as they have a large number of unpaired electrons.
(ii) The catalytic activity of transition metals is attributed to the following...
(i) Because of large number of unpaired electrons in their atoms, the transition metals have strong interatomic interactions and hence stronger bonding between atoms, resulting in higher enthalpies of atomization.
(ii)...