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A chemical hazard is a substance that has the potential to cause harm to life or health. Chemicals are widely used in the home and in many other places. Exposure to chemicals can cause acute or long-term detrimental health effects. There are many types of hazardous chemicals, including neurotoxins, immune agents, dermatologic agents, carcinogens, reproductive toxins, systemic toxins, asthmagens, pneumoconiotic agents, and sensitizers. In the workplace, exposure to chemical hazards is a type of occupational hazard. The use of protective personal equipment may substantially reduce the risk of damage from contact with hazardous materials.
Long-term exposure to chemical hazards such as silica dust, engine exhausts, tobacco smoke, and lead have been shown to increase risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure.