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The CD4/CD8 ratio is the ratio of T helper cells to cytotoxic T cells. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells contain several subsets.
The CD4/CD8 ratio in the peripheral blood of healthy adults and mice is about 2:1, and an altered ratio can indicate diseases relating to immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. An inverted CD4/CD8 ratio indicates an impaired immune system. Conversely, an increased CD4/CD8 ratio corresponds to increased immune function.
Obesity and dysregulated lipid metabolism in the liver leads to loss of CD4, but not CD8 cells, contributing to the induction of liver cancer. Regulatory CD4 cells decline with expanding visceral fat, whereas CD8 T-cells increase.
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