What is Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?

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Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is recurrent nausea, vomiting, and cramping abdominal pain that can occur due to prolonged, high-dose cannabis use. These symptoms may be relieved temporarily by taking a hot shower or bath. Complications may include kidney failure and electrolyte problems, and the condition can be fatal if not properly managed.

Weekly cannabis use is generally required for the syndrome to occur; synthetic cannabinoids can also cause CHS. The underlying mechanism is unclear, with several possibilities proposed. Diagnosis is based on the symptoms, as well as the history of cannabis use. The condition is typically present for some time before the diagnosis is made. Another condition that presents similarly is cyclic vomiting syndrome.

The only known effective treatment for CHS is to stop using cannabis. Two weeks may be required to see a benefit. The primary differentiation between CHS and CVS is that cessation of cannabis use only relieves CHS.

Treatments during an episode of vomiting are generally supportive in nature. There is tentative evidence for the use of capsaicin cream on the abdomen during an acute episode.

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