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Option 4 : Sulphur
The correct answer is Sulphur.
Concept:
- Metals:
- Metals are electropositive elements that donate electrons, form positive ions, and become stable.
- Metals are good conductors because they are made up of lattices of atoms with free electrons.
- Non-metals:
- Non-metals are electronegative and form bonds by gaining electrons.
- Nonmetals are poor conductors of electricity because they do not have enough free electrons to efficiently pass electricity.
- Litmus paper:
- Litmus paper is used to determine whether a solution is acidic or alkaline.
- When blue litmus turns red, it indicates an acidic solution.
- When red litmus turns blue, it indicates a basic solution.
- Litmus paper is an excellent natural indicator.
- Litmus paper can have the properties to change its colour in the presence of acids and bases.
Explanation:
- Sulphur is a non-metal.
- Sulphur is a poor conductor of heat and electricity because electrons are not free to move, it is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
- An element that transforms into an ion must have enough free space for its electrons to move and generate an electric charge.
- When Sulphur is burned in the presence of oxygen it produces Sulphur dioxide gas.
S + O2 → SO2
- Also, when Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is mixed with water (H2O), it produces Sulphurous acid (H2SO3).
SO2 + H2O → H2SO3
- Electrons of sulphur are very tightly bound and cannot move, making it more of an insulator.
- Sulfur dioxide gas acts as a bleaching agent because it is oxidized to sulphuric acid in the presence of water, resulting in the release of nascent hydrogen and the reduction of colouring matter to colourless.
- Properties of sulphur dioxide gas -
- SO2 is a colourless gas or liquid with a strong, choking odour.
- SO2 is non-metallic oxide and generally, the oxides of non-metal are acidic in nature. This means it can turn blue litmus red.
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