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Option 4 : 4 and 5
Explanation:
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Ideal fluid:
- A fluid that is incompressible and is having no viscosity is known as an ideal fluid.
- Ideal fluid is an imaginary fluid as all the fluids, which exist, have some viscosity.
Real fluid:
- A fluid that possesses viscosity, is known as real fluid.
- All the fluid in practice is real fluids.
Newtonian fluid:
- Fluids for which shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to the deformation rate or velocity gradient are Newtonian fluid.
Non-Newtonian fluid:
- Fluids for which shear stress (τ) is not directly proportional to the deformation rate or velocity gradient are non-Newtonian fluid.
Pseudoplatsic (n < 1):
- Fine particle suspension, gelatine, blood, milk, paper pulp, polymeric solutions such as rubbers, paints.
Dilatant fluids (n > 1):
- Ultrafine irregular particle suspension, sugar in water, aqueous suspension of rice starch, quicksand, butter printing ink.
Ideal plastics or Bingham plastic fluids:
- Sewage sludge, drilling muds, toothpaste.
Thixotropic and rheopectic fluid:
- Thixotropic fluids are liquids or gases whose viscosity decreases upon applying stress over a known time period.
- Therefore, it can be defined as a time-dependent pseudoplastic behaviour.
- In contrast, the behaviour of rheopectic fluids can be described as time-dependent dilatant behaviour
- Printer’s ink, crude oil, lipstick, certain paints and enamels
- Very rare liquid-solid suspensions, gypsum suspension in water and bentonite solutions.
Viscoelastic fluids:
- Liquids solid combination in pipe flow, bitumen, tar, asphalt, polymerized fluids with drag reduction features.
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