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Option 4 : Screen printing
- Thin Film Deposition is the technology of applying a very thin film of material – between a few nanometers to about 100 micrometers, or the thickness of a few atoms – onto a “substrate” surface to be coated, or onto a previously deposited coating to form layers.
- Thin Film Deposition manufacturing processes are at the heart of today’s semiconductor industry, solar panels, CDs, disk drives, and optical devices industries.
- Thin Film Deposition is usually divided into two broad categories – Chemical Deposition and Physical Vapor Deposition Coating Systems.
| Physical deposition | Chemical deposition |
| Evaporation techniques |
Sol-gel technique |
|
Vacuum thermal evaporation. |
Chemical bath deposition |
|
Electron beam evaporation. |
Spray pyrolysis technique |
|
Laser beam evaporation. |
Plating |
|
Arc evaporation. |
Electroplating technique. |
|
Molecular beam epitaxy. |
Electroless deposition. |
|
Ion plating evaporation. |
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) |
| Sputtering techniques |
Low pressure (LPCVD) |
|
Direct current sputtering (DC sputtering). |
Plasma enhanced (PECVD) |
|
Radio frequency sputtering (RF sputtering). |
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) |
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