1. Administering a questionnaire and analysing the scores.
  2. Interviewing all the teachers who teach that class.
  3. Observing students and maintaining anecdotal records.
  4. Asking students to write an essay on energy-conservation.
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1 Answers

Option 3 : Observing students and maintaining anecdotal records.

Anecdotal records are short narrations or factual descriptions of certain incidents and events that a teacher observes in the context of her research interest. Each incident is written shortly after it takes place. 
Thus as given in the above question a teacher can observe and make a note of 
  • Who is switching the fan off when not in use?
  • Who is switching the light in the daytime when sunlight is there.
  • Who is turning off the taps when they finish using them.
  • Who is not doing the above and wasting energy sources?

​Hence Observing students and maintaining anecdotal records would be the most appropriate strategy to assess the students’ energy-conserving behavior.​

Interview An interview is a structured conversation where one participant asks questions, and the other provides answers.
Questionnaire
A questionnaire is a research tool featuring a series of questions used to collect useful information from respondents. These instruments include either written or oral questions.
Essay writing The essay is a written piece that is designed to present an idea, propose an argument, express the emotion, or initiate debate.

All the above-mentioned three tools are not appropriate to assess the students’ energy-conserving behavior because here teacher can't observe a student doing energy-saving activities.

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