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Option 4 : Post-traumatic stress disorder
Concept:
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical treatment use for the psychiatric patients usually who do not respond to other treatments, Basically ECT involves the electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia.
- ECT is generally recommended when the Pharmacological and other Behavioral therapy do not works.
Indications
- Severe depression
- Bipolar disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Schizoaffective disorder
- Catatonia
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
"From the above indications Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is an Correct option"
Contraindications
- In ECT there are no absolute contraindications, it has several relative contraindications exist. These includes:
- Recent Myocardial Infraction or stroke (generally within the last 30 days)
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Active bleeding (especially from the central nervous system)
- Retinal detachment
Electrode Placement
There are three different ways to place electrodes during the procedure
- Right unilateral: This placement includes electrodes on the right side of the head. One electrode will be between temple and the end of eyebrow. The other electrode will be near the top of the head, directly above the right ear.
- Bifrontal: Electrodes placed using this configuration are on opposite sides of the forehead, just above the end of eyebrow.
- Bitemporal: This placement involves one electrode aligned with the temple area on each side of the head.
- ECT is a First Line Treatment for Depression.
- ECT was first introduced by Italian psychiatrist Ugo Cerletti and Lucio Bini in April 1938.
- Therapeutic response in ECT, is recognised by a generalised tonic-clonic seizure is essential. Generalized tonic-clonic seizure ismainly a type of seizure that involves the entire body. It is also called grand mal seizure
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