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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3
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1 Answers

Option 2 : 2 and 3 only

The correct answer is option 2 and 3 only. 

International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

  • IUCN is a network of environmental organizations founded as the International Union for the Protection of Nature in October 1948 in Fontainebleau, France.
    • Hence, Statement 1 is NOT correct
  • It promotes nature conservation and the ecologically sustainable use of natural resources.
  • It changed its name to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) in 1956.
  • IUCN is composed of both government and civil society organizations which harness the experience, resources.
  • Headquarters: Gland, Switzerland.
  • The IUCN maintains the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, which was established in 1964.
  • IUCN also played a fundamental role in the creation of key international conventions, including the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (1971), the World Heritage Convention (1972), the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, (1974), and the Convention on Biological Diversity (1992), UNFCCC, etc.
  • Caring for the Earth was published by the three organizations in the run-up to the 1992 Earth Summit.
  • The IUCN was granted official observer status at the United Nations General Assembly in 1999.
  • The IUCN’s activities are organized into several theme-based programs ranging from business and biodiversity to forest preservation to water and wetlands conservation, climate change, conservation, and poverty reduction, etc. 
  • The IUCN’s funding comes from several governments, agencies, foundations, member organizations, and corporations.

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

  • CITES is an international agreement adopted in March 1973 to regulate worldwide commercial trade in wild animal and plant species to ensure that international trade does not threaten the survival of any species.
  • Although CITES is legally binding on state parties to the convention but does not take the place of national laws, rather it provides a framework to be respected by each Party, which has to adopt its own domestic legislation to ensure that CITES is implemented at the national level to implement its goals.
    • Hence, Statement 3 is correct.

CITES classifies plants and animals according to three categories, or appendices, based on how threatened they are.

  • Appendix I lists endangered species that are at risk of extinction. It also prohibits outright the commercial trade of these plants and animals; however, some may be transported internationally in extraordinary situations for scientific or educational reasons.
  • Appendix II species are those that are not threatened with extinction but that might suffer a serious decline in number if a trade is not restricted; their trade is regulated by permit.
  • Appendix III species are protected in at least one country that is a CITES member and that has petitioned others for help in controlling international trade in that species.
  • In addition to plants and animals and their parts, the agreement also restricts trade in items made from such plants and animals, such as clothing, food, medicine, and souvenirs.
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