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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. Breather
  2. Conservator
  3. Horn gaps
  4. Thermal overload relays
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1 Answers

Option 3 : Horn gaps

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  • The horn gap acts as a protection device for an electrical power system from high voltage surges.
  • The horn gap consists of two horn-shaped rods separated by a small distance. One end of this is connected to the line and the other to the earth as shown in the figure with or without a series resistance.
  • The choke connected between the equipment to be protected and the horn gap serves two purposes:
    • The steepness of the wave incident on the equipment to be protected is reduced.
    • It reflects the voltage surge back on to the horn.
  • Whenever a surge voltage exceeds the breakdown value of the gap a discharge takes place and the energy content in the rest part of the wave is by-passed to the ground.
  • An arc is set up between the gap, which acts as a flexible conductor and rises upwards under the influence of the electromagnetic forces, thus increasing the length of the arc which eventually blows out.
  • Thermal overload relay works on the heat produced by the excessive overload current. The heat produced by the overload current is utilized to trip the motor circuit.
  • These are mostly used for the protection of low-voltage squirrel cage induction motors or DC motors of lower output rating.
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