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  1. 74th Constitutional Amendment Act
  2. 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act
  3. 38th Constitutional Amendment Act
  4. 39th Constitutional Amendment Act
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1 Answers

Option 1 : 74th Constitutional Amendment Act

The correct answer is 74th Constitutional Amendment Act

74th Constitutional Amendment:-

  • The 74th Constitutional amendment act 1992 deals with the provisions related to the Municipalities.
  • Part IXA (Schedule 12) of the Constitution of India deals with the Municipalities.
  • The governance of urban areas by the people through the representatives elected by them signifies the term "Urban Local Government" in India.
  • The jurisdiction of the Urban Local Government is limited to specific Urban areas demarcated for this purpose by the State Government.
  • The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 Constitutionalized the system of Urban Local Government.
  • The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 contains 18 subjects. It gives Municipalities Constitutional status and brings them under Judicial review.
  • There are eight types of Urban Local Bodies in India:
    • Special Purpose agency
    • Township
    • Municipality
    • Notified area committee
    • Municipal Corporation
    • Town area committee
    • Cantonment Board

Amendment Subject Year
38th Constitutional amendment act
  • Empowering the president to declare an emergency simultaneously on different grounds.
  • Promulgation of the ordinance by the president, governor, or administrator non-just cable.
  • Declaration of emergency by president non-justifiable.
 1975
39th Constitutional amendment act
  • Included certain central acts in the 9th schedule.
  • The dispute between the president Prime Minister governor speaker is not in the ambit of the judiciary.
 1975

42nd Constitutional amendment act
  • Shortening the procedure of disciplinary action on civil servants.
  • Provided for the creation of all Indian judicial services.
  • Rights and privileges of members and committees to be decided from time to time.
  • Quorum in the parliament and state legislative abolished.
  • Socialist, secular, and integrity added to the preamble.
  • President bound by the advice of the cabinet.
  • Provided administrative tribunal and tribunal for other matters.
  • Constitution amendment beyond the judiciary.
  • Curtailed the power of judiciary review and writs of SC and HC.
  • Tenure of Lok sabha and legislative assembly rose to 6 years.
  • Law made by the directive principle cannot be challenged on fundamental rights.
  • Parliament is powered to make laws on anti-nationalist and fundamental rights can be curtailed.
  • Equal justice, Free legal aid, Participation in management in working place added to the directive principle
  • Facilities the proclamation of emergency in part of India.
  • Extended the one-time president rule from 6 months to 1 year.
  • The center can deploy armed forces in any state of India.
  • Education, forest protection weight and measurement, administration of justice, constructional and organization of all court except SC to union list 
 1976
   
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