Introduction
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is a commonly prescribed benzodiazepine that is used to treat a variety of anxiety and panic disorder related conditions. It is also used for treatment of insomnia and irritability. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg works by calming the brain and nerves, resulting in a feeling of relaxation.
Uses
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is used to treat a variety of anxiety and panic disorder related conditions including: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Acute Stress or Severe Depression.
| Brand Name | Xolam XR |
|---|---|
| Type | Tablet (Extended Release) |
| Weight | 1 mg |
| Generic | Alprazolam |
| Manufacturer | Aristopharma Ltd. |
| Available in | English বাংলা |
Mechanism of Action
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg works by increasing the level of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain. This results in a calming effect on the central nervous system, helping to reduce symptoms of anxiety and panic. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg also binds to a receptor in the brain called the GABA-A receptor, which increases the effects of GABA and causes sedation.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Depending on the dose and individual response, Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg typically begins to take effect within 45 minutes to 1 hour. Peak effects are achieved with 2-3 hours. The effects of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg can last between 4-6 hours and may persist for up to 12 hours after a single dose.
Absorption
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg are achieved within 1-2 hours.
Route of Elimination
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is excreted in both urine and feces. Approximately 60% of the drug is excreted in the urine and the remainder in the feces.
Dosage
Treatment should be initiated with a dose of 0.25 to 0.5 mg three times daily. Depending on the response, dose may be increased at intervals of 3 to 4 days in increments of no more than 1 mg/day. The maximum dose should not exceed 4 mg/day. Occasional patients with panic disorder may need as much as 10 mg a day to achieve a successful response and in these cases periodic reassessment and consideration of dosage adjustment is required.Dosage should be individualized for maximum beneficial effect with the lowest possible dose. If side-effects occur at starting dose, dose may be lowered. When discontinuing therapy, dosage should be reduced gradually by no more than 0.5 mg every three days.
In elderly patients or in patients with advanced liver disease, the usual starting dose is 0.25 mg, two or three times daily and may be gradually increased if needed and tolerated.
Alprazolam 1 mg should be administered once daily, preferably in the morning by patients who are on multiple dosage regimens of Alprazolam 0.25/0.5 mg. The tablets should be taken intact, they should not be chewed, crushed, or broken.
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is available in oral tablet, immediate-release oral tablet, extended-release oral tablet , orally disintegrating tablet, and oral solution forms. The recommended initial dosage of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg for anxiety in adults is 0.25-0.5mg (0.25mg is the minimum effective dose) taken 3 times daily. The dose can be increased in 0.25-0.5mg increments every three days, up until the maximum dose of 4mg per day in divided doses. Higher doses may be needed for panic disorder.
Administration
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be taken with a full glass of water and may be taken with or without food. It can be taken with doses of other medicines if prescribed, however, Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be taken with alcohol or products containing alcohol. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor; it should not be taken in larger or smaller doses than prescribed.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg include: drowsiness, tiredness, confusion, memory problems, coordination problems, headaches, slurred speech, nausea, changes in appetite, and diarrhea. In more serious cases, severe injection site reactions, decreased libido, decreased energy levels, tremor, irritability, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and seizures have been reported.
Toxicity
Chronic use of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg can lead to tolerance, dependence, and addiction. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be used for more than 4 weeks without consulting the doctor. Long-term use of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg can lead to physical and psychological dependence, and a withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly. High doses or long-term use can be both dangerous and potentially fatal.
Precaution
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be used with caution in patients with a known sensitivity to other benzodiazepines, as well as those taking other CNS depressants, opioids, antipsychotics, antihistamines and antidepressants. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be used in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, acute myeloid leukemia, or in pregnant women unless absolutely necessary.
Interactions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg may interact with other medications such as sedatives, hypnotics, antidepressants, anti-opioid medications, drugs used to treat high blood pressure, opioid pain medications, and antifungal and antiviral drugs. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be used with alcohol or drugs that contain alcohol.
Disease Interactions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be used with caution in patients with a history of narrow-angle glaucoma, acute myeloid leukemia, liver or kidney disease, depression, suicidal thoughts, and alcohol or drug abuse. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg may make existing medical conditions worse so caution should be used in those with a history of heart disease, lung disease, sleep apnea, glaucoma, or breathing problems.
Drug Interactions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg may interact with other medications such as sedatives, hypnotics, antidepressants, anti-opioid medications, drugs used to treat high blood pressure, opioid pain medications, and antifungal and antiviral drugs. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be used with alcohol or drugs that contain alcohol.
Food Interactions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be taken with food if it causes stomach upset or nausea. It may interact with grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which may increase the drug's level in the body. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should also be avoided or taken with extreme caution with alcohol, as it can increase the level of effects and drowsiness.
Pregnancy Use
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be used with caution in pregnant women, as there is a potential risk of birth defects and other fetal harm. Breastfeeding mothers should also be cautious when using Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg; the drug is detectable in breastmilk and can cause side effects in the nursing infant.
Lactation Use
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is detectable in breastmilk and can cause adverse effects in nursing infants. Therefore, breastfeeding mothers should either avoid taking Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg or monitor their infant for any unusual signs.
Acute Overdose
An overdose of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg can cause extreme drowsiness, breathing problems, confusion, coma, and death. Emergency medical treatment is necessary if an overdose is suspected.
Contraindications
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should not be taken by patients with a known allergy to benzodiazepines or who are taking other CNS depressants, opioids, antipsychotics, antihistamines or antidepressants. Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should also not be taken in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, acute myeloid leukemia, or in pregnant women unless absolutely necessary.
Use Directions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should always be taken as directed by the doctor. It should be taken with a full glass of water, with or without food. To reduce the risk of adverse reactions, the suggested initial dosage should not be exceeded. It is important to take the prescribed dose exactly and not increase the dosage or frequency of dosing without consulting a doctor.
Storage Conditions
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg should be stored at room temperature in a tightly closed container away from light and moisture. It should be kept out of reach of children.
Volume of Distribution
Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg has a volume of distribution of 0.71 L/kg. This means that, on average, 0.71 liters of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is distributed throughout the body.
Half Life
The half-life of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is 12 hours. This means that, on average, only half of the drug will be eliminated from the system after 12 hours.
Clearance
The elimination half-life of Xolam XR Tablet (Extended Release) 1 mg is 0.47-12 hours. This means that, on average, it takes 0.47-12 hours for the body to clear half of the drug from the system.
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