Fragmin SC Injection 5000 IU/0.2 ml
Dalteparin sodium (brand name Fragmin) is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used to prevent and treat formation of blood clots. It acts by inhibiting clot formation and is used as an antithrombotic agent. LMWHs such as dalteparin sodium are synthetic analogues of heparin that are smaller in size than heparin and are more easily absorbed in the body.
Uses For
Dalteparin sodium is used to prevent and treat blood clots in people with a wide range of health conditions including:
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary embolism
- Ischemic stroke
- Post-operative DVT prophylaxis
- Heart attack
Mechanism of action
Dalteparin sodium works by inhibiting thrombin formation, an enzyme involved in blood clotting. It binds to and inactivates clot-promoting proteins in the blood, reducing the ability of the blood to clot. This reduces the risk of dangerous clots forming in the veins or arteries, thus reducing the risk of stroke or heart attack.
How long does it take to work?
Dalteparin sodium begins to work immediately after injection and reaches maximum effect several hours after its administration. It can take up to 48 hours for dalteparin sodium to reach its full effect.
Absorption
Dalteparin sodium is absorbed rapidly after subcutaneous injection. Peak plasma concentrations are usually achieved within 3-8 hours post-injection.
Route of elimination
Dalteparin sodium is eliminated through the kidneys. It is cleared from the body through metabolism and urinary excretion.
Dosage
Intravenous-- Prophylaxis of clotting in extracorporeal circulation in haemodialysis or haemofiltration: 30-40 U/kg IV inj, then 10-15 U/kg/hr as IV infusion.
- Venous thromboembolism: 200 U/kg/day as a single or in 2 divided doses in pregnant and high-risk patients. Max: 18,000 U/day.
- Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism during surgical procedures Moderate risk: 2,500 U given 1-2 hr pre-op then 2,500 U once daily for 5-7 days or until the patient is fully ambulant. High risk: 2,500 U given 1-2 hr before and 8-12 hr after the procedure then 5,000 U daily.
- Unstable angina: 120 U/kg 12 hrly continued for 5-8 days w/ low-dose aspirin. Max: 10,000 U 12 hrly.
Dalteparin sodium is usually administered by subcutaneous injection into the thigh or abdomen. The dose of dalteparin sodium varies based on the patient’s condition, weight, and other factors. It is available in injection form in five different strengths (25,000, 40,000, 100,000, 150,000, and 300,000 IU). Usual adult doses can range from 2500 IU to 18000 IU per day. The dose for children depends on their weight and condition.
Administration
Dalteparin sodium is administered by subcutaneous (SC) or deep intramuscular (IM) injection into the thigh or abdomen. It is important to note that the injection should not be given intravascularly or intradermally. The injection should be given at the same time each day.
Side Effects
Dalteparin has very few side effects. Common side effects include mild nausea, constipation, and headache. Serious side effects can include bleeding, worsening chest pain, rash, itching, or difficulty breathing. If these symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately.
Toxicity
Dalteparin sodium is considered to be safe and well-tolerated with few serious side effects. However, overdose with dalteparin sodium can cause hemorrhaging, which can be fatal.
Precautions
Before taking dalteparin sodium, tell your doctor if you have any allergies, are taking any other medications, have had a recent surgery or injury, or have any medical conditions such as kidney disease or bleeding disorders. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, breast-feeding, or plan to become pregnant.
Interactions
Dalteparin sodium may interact with other medications such as aspirin, warfarin, diuretics, NSAIDs, clopidogrel, and heparin. These interactions can increase the risk of bleeding complications. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking.
Disease Interactions
Dalteparin sodium can increase the risk of bleeding complications in people with certain medical conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, anemia, and bleeding disorders. It is important to tell your doctor about any pre-existing medical conditions before taking dalteparin sodium.
Drug Interactions
Dalteparin sodium may interact with other medications such as aspirin, warfarin, diuretics, NSAIDs, clopidogrel, and heparin. These interactions can increase the risk of bleeding complications. It is important to tell your doctor about all medications you are taking.
Food Interactions
Dalteparin sodium does not interact with foods. However, alcohol can interact with certain medications and should be consumed in moderation while taking dalteparin sodium.
Pregnancy Use
Dalteparin sodium is safe to use during pregnancy. However, it is important to talk to your doctor before taking dalteparin sodium if you are pregnant.
Lactation Use
It is unknown if dalteparin sodium is safe to use during lactation. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking dalteparin sodium if you are breastfeeding.
Acute Overdose
Overdose of dalteparin sodium can cause severe bleeding, which can be fatal. If an acute overdose is suspected, seek emergency medical attention.
Contraindication
Dalteparin sodium is contraindicated in people with hypersensitivity to dalteparin, active major bleeding, and certain other conditions. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking dalteparin sodium if you have any pre-existing medical conditions.
Use Direction
Dalteparin sodium should be administered as directed by your doctor. Do not change the dose or stop taking dalteparin sodium without talking to your doctor first.
Storage Condition
Dalteparin sodium must be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat. Do not freeze the injection solution.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of dalteparin sodium is approximately 4.8 L/kg.
Half Life
The half-life of dalteparin sodium is approximately 16 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of dalteparin sodium is approximately 0.8 L/hr/kg.
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