Carbizol Tablet

Introduction

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is an antithyroid medication used primarily to treat hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). It is a prodrug that is converted into methimazole, which then inhibits thyroid hormone production.

Uses

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is used for:

Treating hyperthyroidism, including conditions like Graves' disease.
Pre-operative preparation to reduce thyroid hormone levels before thyroid surgery.
Managing hyperthyroidism in conjunction with other treatments, such as radioiodine therapy.

It helps in controlling symptoms of hyperthyroidism and normalizing thyroid hormone levels.

Brand Name	Carbizol
Type	Tablet
Weight	5 mg
Generic	Carbimazole
Manufacturer	Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg works by inhibiting the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, which is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. By blocking this enzyme, carbimazole reduces the production of thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) in the thyroid gland, thereby alleviating symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg typically begins to show effects within 1-2 weeks of starting treatment. However, it may take several weeks to months to achieve optimal control of thyroid hormone levels and to fully stabilize symptoms.

Absorption

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. It is converted into its active form, methimazole, in the body.

Route of Elimination

The primary route of elimination for carbimazole is via the urine. Methimazole, the active form, is also excreted in the urine after being metabolized by the liver.

Dosage

The initial dose: 20-60 mg, in 2-3 divided doses until the patient is euthyroid. Daily dosage should be divided.

Maintenance regimen: The dose is gradually reduced to maintain a euthyroid state. The final dosage is usually in the range of 5-15 mg/day which may be taken as a single daily dose.

Neonates & Children below 12 years: The usual initial dose is 250 mcg/Kg/day in divided doses.

Duration of treatment: 18 to 24 months.

The dosage of carbimazole depends on the severity of hyperthyroidism and individual patient factors. Typical starting doses are:

15-40 mg per day, divided into 2-3 doses.

The dose may be adjusted based on thyroid function tests and clinical response. Maintenance doses are generally lower once control is achieved.

Administration

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is administered orally in tablet form. It should be taken with or without food, as directed by a healthcare provider. Consistency in dosing time helps maintain stable drug levels.

Side Effects

Common side effects of carbimazole include:

Nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort.
Rash or itching.
Joint pain or swelling.

Serious side effects can include:

Bone marrow suppression leading to leukopenia or agranulocytosis.
Hepatotoxicity.
Allergic reactions or severe skin reactions.

Report any severe or persistent side effects to a healthcare provider.

Toxicity

Toxicity may occur with overdose or prolonged use, presenting as severe leukopenia, liver damage, or allergic reactions. Symptoms of toxicity may include severe sore throat, fever, jaundice, or unusual bleeding. Immediate medical attention is required in such cases.

Precautions

Precautions include:

Regular monitoring of thyroid function and blood counts is essential to detect potential side effects early.
Avoid use in patients with a history of severe liver disease or hypersensitivity to carbimazole.
Use with caution in patients with pre-existing bone marrow disorders.

Interaction

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg may interact with:

Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin), potentially altering their effects.
Other medications affecting bone marrow function or liver metabolism.

Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking to manage potential interactions.

Disease Interaction

Use carbimazole with caution in:

Patients with liver disease, as it may exacerbate liver function impairment.
Individuals with pre-existing hematological disorders.

Regular monitoring is required to mitigate risks.

Drug Interaction

Drug interactions include:

Increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants.
Potential altered metabolism with other liver enzyme-inducing drugs.

Consult with your healthcare provider to avoid or manage interactions effectively.

Food Interactions

No significant food interactions are known with carbimazole. However, maintaining a consistent diet can help manage thyroid function effectively. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Pregnancy Use

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is classified as Category D for pregnancy, meaning there is evidence of risk to the fetus based on human studies. It should be used only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Consult a healthcare provider for alternatives or management during pregnancy.

Lactation Use

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is excreted in breast milk, and its use during lactation should be carefully considered. Consult with a healthcare provider to determine the risks and benefits, and consider alternative treatments if necessary.

Acute Overdose

In the event of an acute overdose, symptoms may include severe leukopenia or liver toxicity. Seek immediate medical attention. Treatment may involve supportive care and symptomatic management.

Contraindication

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is contraindicated in:

Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to carbimazole or methimazole.
Individuals with severe liver dysfunction or bone marrow disorders.

Ensure a thorough medical history is reviewed before starting treatment.

Use Direction

Take carbimazole exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Do not alter the dosage or frequency without consulting a provider. Regular follow-ups and blood tests are important to monitor effectiveness and detect side effects.

Storage Conditions

Store carbimazole tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and direct light. Keep out of reach of children and do not use after the expiration date. Dispose of unused medication properly.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution for carbimazole is not well-defined due to its topical application. The drug primarily acts locally in the thyroid gland.

Half Life

The half-life of carbimazole is approximately 6 hours. However, the duration of action may be extended due to its conversion to methimazole and its effects on thyroid hormone production.

Clearance

Carbizol Tablet 5 mg is primarily cleared by the kidneys after being metabolized in the liver. Regular monitoring of kidney and liver function is recommended to ensure safe clearance of the drug.

See in details version Carbizol Tablet 5 mg also Carbizol Tablet 5 mg in bangla