Urogenital system MCQ 91+

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• A hydrocele
  ক

  Can communicate with the peritoneal cavity

  খ

  Is separate from the testis

  গ

  Can obscure a hernia

  ঘ

  Is not translucent

  ঙ

  Contains fluid that clots spontaneously
• Characteristics of hydrocele
  ক

  Get above the swelling

  খ

  Trans-illumination test positive

  গ

  Cough impulse positive

  ঘ

  Fluctuation test negative

  ঙ

  Easy to palpate testis
• Regarding hernia
  ক

  The deep inguinal ring is a condensation of fascia transversalis

  খ

  In a 'Richter's hernia' the content of hernia is Meckel's diverticulum

  গ

  Spigellian hernia herniates through arcuate ligament

  ঘ

  Indirect hernia becomes more common in elderly

  ঙ

  The superficial inguinal ring is "U" shaped.
• Hydrocele differ from hernia
  ক

  Fluctuation test positive in hydrocele

  খ

  Cough impulse is absent in hydrocele

  গ

  Reducibility present in hydrocele

  ঘ

  Transillumination test negative in hydrocele

  ঙ

  Get above the swelling is positive in hernia
• Characteristics of femoral hernia are
  ক

  It is the third most common type of hernia

  খ

  Right side is affected more than the left side

  গ

  It is rare before puberty

  ঘ

  It is bilateral in 20% cases

  ঙ

  The male-female ratio is 2:1
• Cough impulse is positive in
  ক

  Hernia

  খ

  Varicocele

  গ

  Saphena varix

  ঘ

  Ectopic testis

  ঙ

  Encysted hydrocele of the cord
• Brilliantly translucent swellings are
  ক

  Cyst of the epididymis

  খ

  Cystic hygroma

  গ

  Meningocele

  ঘ

  Primary vaginal hydrocele

  ঙ

  Spermatocele
• Transillumination test is positive in
  ক

  Cystic hygroma

  খ

  Meningocele

  গ

  Primary vaginal hydrocele

  ঘ

  Dermoid cyst

  ঙ

  Sebaceous cyst
• Brilliant transillumination occurs in
  ক

  Encysted hydrocele of the cord

  খ

  Cystic hygroma

  গ

  Meningocele

  ঘ

  Spermatocele

  ঙ

  Inguinal hernia in adult
• Indications of circumcision are
  ক

  Balanitis

  খ

  Recurrent local foreskin discomfort

  গ

  Recurrent UTI

  ঘ

  Hypospadias

  ঙ

  Dribbling of urine
• Varicocele
  ক

  Are dilated and tortuous veins of the pampiniform plexus

  খ

  Can occur bilaterally

  গ

  May cause subfertility

  ঘ

  May cause testicular atrophy

  ঙ

  On the right side

  চ

  secondary to renal cell carcinoma
• Followings are considered as tumour markers for testicular tumor
  ক

  α-fetoprotein

  খ

  Lactate dehydrogenase

  গ

  β-HCG

  ঘ

  CA-19-9

  ঙ

  CA-125
• Regarding seminoma
  ক

  It is the most common type of testicular cancer

  খ

  It is highly radiosensitive

  গ

  Metastasis to liver and bone are frequently found

  ঘ

  5 year survival rate is nearly 50%

  ঙ

  Regress automatically
• Enlarged prostate gland in a 65 years old male person
  ক

  Is due to prostatic hypertrophy

  খ

  Has to be evaluated histologically

  গ

  Is mostly due to a benign adaptive process

  ঘ

  Is always accompanied by increased PSA

  ঙ

  Indicates a precancerous lesion
• Following markers are increased in case of carcinoma prostate
  ক

  PSA

  খ

  Acid phosphatase

  গ

  Alpha foeto-protein

  ঘ

  LDH

  ঙ

  Serum calcium
• In benign prostatic hyperplasia
  ক

  IPSS score is the single most important tool used in the evaluation of patients with BPH

  খ

  TUR syndrome results from a hypervolumic

  গ

  hyponatraemic state

  ঘ

  On digital rectal examination prostatic size correlates poorly with symptoms

  ঙ

  After TURP

  চ

  prostatic carcinoma will not occur

  ছ

  PSA is only prognostic factor in BPH management
• Medical therapy for benign enlargement of prostate are
  ক

  α-blockers

  খ

  5α-reductase inhibitors

  গ

  β-blockers

  ঘ

  Ca2+ channel blockers

  ঙ

  Diuretics
• Stricture urethra can be diagnosed by the following investigations
  ক

  Ultrasonography (US

  খ

  Intravenous urogram (IV

  গ

  Retrograde urethrogram and micturating cystourethrogram

  ঘ

  Uroflowmetry

  ঙ

  Urethrocystoscopy
• Diverticulum of the bladder
  ক

  Is lined by bladder mucosa

  খ

  Can be symptomless

  গ

  Can be demonstrated by ultrasound

  ঘ

  Is usually congenital in origin

  ঙ

  Is not always obvious on cystoscopy
• Ectopia vesicae
  ক

  Is associated with epispadius

  খ

  Is associated with separation of pubic bones

  গ

  Occurs once in 1000 births

  ঘ

  Occurs due to incomplete development of the infraumbilical part of the anterior abdominal wall only

  ঙ

  Is treated only by total cystectomy and urinary diversion
• The following investigations are useful for diagnosis of carcinoma of the bladder
  ক

  Ultrasonography

  খ

  Magnetic resonance imaging (MR

  গ

  Urethrocystocopy

  ঘ

  Intravenous urogram (IV

  ঙ

  Retrograde urethrogram
• A patient with carcinoma bladder may present with
  ক

  Painless haematuria

  খ

  Clot retention

  গ

  Passage of fleshy masses with urine

  ঘ

  Mass in the perineum in advanced case

  ঙ

  Colicky lower abdominal pain
• Organisms responsible for urinary infection
  ক

  Pseudomonas

  খ

  E. coli

  গ

  Proteus

  ঘ

  Clostridia

  ঙ

  Salmonella
• Tru-cut biopsy is suitable in the evaluation of
  ক

  Breast lumps

  খ

  Liver masses

  গ

  Retroperitoneal tumors

  ঘ

  Soft tissue sarcomas of the limbs

  ঙ

  Intra cranial lesions
• Absolute contraindication to renal transplantation are
  ক

  Active vasculitis

  খ

  Severe occlusive aorto-iliac vascular disease

  গ

  Age > 75 year

  ঘ

  Bladder dysfunction

  ঙ

  A period of one year complete remission from malignancy
• Tumour of the kidney includes
  ক

  Hypernephroma

  খ

  bl Angiomyolipoma

  গ

  Wilm's tumour

  ঘ

  Basal cell carcinoma

  ঙ

  Pseudo mucinous cystadenoma
• Regarding renal cell carcinoma
  ক

  Hypertension is a paraneoplastic symptom

  খ

  Ultrasound can effectively define the solid or cystic nature of the mass

  গ

  These tumours are moderately sensitive to chemotherapy

  ঘ

  Surgery is the only effective and curative treatment to primary renal cell carcinoma

  ঙ

  Vascular invasion is better delineated with CT scan compared to MRI
• Wilm's tumour
  ক

  Is usually detected at 4-5 years

  খ

  May present as a painless loin mass

  গ

  May occur bilaterally

  ঘ

  Surgery is the only treatment

  ঙ

  Prognosis is bad
• The paraneoplastic syndrome in renal cell carcinoma includes
  ক

  Polycythaemia

  খ

  Ieukaemoid reactions

  গ

  Hypertension

  ঘ

  Hypercalcaemia

  ঙ

  Masculinization
• Oxalate calculi
  ক

  Form in an alkaline urine

  খ

  Grow rapidly

  গ

  Have smooth rounded surface

  ঘ

  Are primarily white in colour

  ঙ

  Are radiolucent ureteric stone