Science MCQ 45+

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• Spinal anaesthesia
  ক

  Is contraindicated in children

  খ

  Post dural puncture headache is more common in younger age group

  গ

  Hyperbaric bupivacaine is preferable than isobaric bupivacaine

  ঘ

  Can be given in thoracic space

  ঙ

  Can be given for lower limb surgery in a patient with hypovolemia
• Vesicular rash is caused by following viruses
  ক

  Chicken pox

  খ

  Varicella zoster

  গ

  Herpes simplex

  ঘ

  Rubella

  ঙ

  Measles
• Following are RNA virus
  ক

  Rotavirus

  খ

  Coxsackie virus

  গ

  Hepatitis A virus

  ঘ

  Adenovirus

  ঙ

  Hepatitis B virus
• Diseases caused by group A streptococcus
  ক

  Scarlet fever

  খ

  Toxic shock syndrome

  গ

  Impetigo

  ঘ

  Acute glomerulonephritis

  ঙ

  Sydenham's chorea
• Staging of malignant disease is based on
  ক

  Size of the tumor

  খ

  Spread to regional lymph node

  গ

  Rupture of the tumor

  ঘ

  Irregularity of tumor

  ঙ

  Degree of differentiation
• Increase in the number of chromosomes occur in
  ক

  Down syndrome

  খ

  Klinefelter's syndrome

  গ

  Turner syndrome

  ঘ

  Fragile X-syndrome

  ঙ

  Retinoblastoma
• Autosomal dominant disorders of surgical importance are
  ক

  Familial adenomatous polyposis

  খ

  Hereditary spherocytosis

  গ

  Multiple endocrine neoplasia

  ঘ

  Hemophilia

  ঙ

  Mucoviscidosis
• Following are the autosomal dominant disorders
  ক

  Neurofibromatosis

  খ

  Marfan’s syndrome

  গ

  Wilson disease

  ঘ

  Duchene muscular dystrophy

  ঙ

  Hemophilia
• Causes of Vit-D deficiency are
  ক

  Inadequate dietary intake

  খ

  Renal pathology

  গ

  Chronic GIT pathology

  ঘ

  Adequate exposure to sunlight

  ঙ

  Adequate intake of protein & carbohydrate but insufficient fat
• Proximal renal tubular acidosis may be associated with
  ক

  Aminoaciduria

  খ

  Renal glycosuria

  গ

  An inability to lower the urinary pH

  ঘ

  Hypercalciuria

  ঙ

  Hyperkalaemia
• Causes of metabolic alkalosis are
  ক

  Diuretic abuse

  খ

  Excessive vomiting

  গ

  Laxative

  ঘ

  Fanconi anaemia

  ঙ

  Paracetamol poisoning
• Severe diarrhea causes a decrease in
  ক

  Body potassium

  খ

  Body sodium

  গ

  Extracellular fluid volume

  ঘ

  Blood pH

  ঙ

  Total peripheral resistance
• Goals of palliative care include(s)
  ক

  Treatment of cancer and chronic diseases

  খ

  Relief pain and other symptoms

  গ

  Address the emotional and spiritual concerns of patients only

  ঘ

  Improve the quality of life of patient's family

  ঙ

  Economic support to the patient
• Following diseases may present with joint involvement
  ক

  Gonorrhoea [Davidson/24th/P-379]

  খ

  Systemic lupus erythematosus

  গ

  Ehler-Danlos syndrome [Davidson’s/24th/980]

  ঘ

  Porphyria [Davidson’s/24th/644

  ঙ

  645]

  চ

  Tuberculoid leprosy
• Characteristic radiological features of osteoarthritis are
  ক

  Subchondral sclerosis

  খ

  Loss of joint space

  গ

  Subchondral bone cyst

  ঘ

  Osteophyte formation

  ঙ

  Periarticular osteoporosis
• In acute liver failure
  ক

  Coagulopathy can be corrected by vitamin K

  খ

  Encephalopathy may occur

  গ

  Lactulose is beneficial

  ঘ

  Respiratory failure can occur

  ঙ

  Mannitol cannot be used
• Delayed bone age is observed in
  ক

  Growth hormone deficiency

  খ

  Constitutional delay

  গ

  Congenital hypothyroidism

  ঘ

  Genetic short stature

  ঙ

  Cushing’s syndrome
• Non-glomerular causes of haematuria in children are
  ক

  Urethritis

  খ

  Haemorrhagic cystitis

  গ

  Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

  ঘ

  IgA nephropathy

  ঙ

  Meatal stenosis
• Following are the features of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
  ক

  Thrombocytopenia

  খ

  Fever

  গ

  Neutrophilic leukocytosis

  ঘ

  Decrease serum LDH level

  ঙ

  Hepatosplenomegaly
• In iron deficiency anemia shows
  ক

  Low serum iron

  খ

  Low serum ferritin

  গ

  Low marrow sideroblast

  ঘ

  High percentage of saturation of iron

  ঙ

  Low total iron binding capacity
• Causes of pericardial effusion are
  ক

  Tuberculosis

  খ

  Coxsackie virus

  গ

  Post cardiac surgery

  ঘ

  Systemic lupus erythematosus

  ঙ

  Nephrotic syndrome
• Causes of pansystolic murmur are
  ক

  VSD

  খ

  Mitral regurgitation

  গ

  Mitral stenosis

  ঘ

  Aortic stenosis

  ঙ

  PDA
• Bile is composed of
  ক

  Bile acids

  খ

  Cholesterol

  গ

  Protein

  ঘ

  Fat soluble vitamin

  ঙ

  Cholecystokinin
• Thyroid hormones
  ক

  Increases protein breakdown

  খ

  Promotes skeletal development

  গ

  Increases carbohydrate absorption in the gut

  ঘ

  Decreases metabolic rate

  ঙ

  Decreases lipolysis
• Thyroxine
  ক

  Is stored as thyroglobulin in the follicles

  খ

  Deficiency in infancy causes mental retardation

  গ

  Deficiency causes anemia

  ঘ

  Decreases the basal metabolic rate

  ঙ

  Acts more rapidly than triiodothyronine
• Clinical signs of lower motor neuron lesions are
  ক

  Flaccid type

  খ

  Loss of reflexes of muscles supplied

  গ

  Lengthening of the affected muscles

  ঘ

  Muscular fibrillations

  ঙ

  Hypertrophy of muscles
• Ideal spaces for lumbar puncture in pediatric age group are
  ক

  L4 and L5

  খ

  T12 and L1

  গ

  L1 and L2

  ঘ

  L2 and L3

  ঙ

  L3 and L4
• The renin angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates
  ক

  Potassium balance

  খ

  Sodium balance

  গ

  Fluid volume

  ঘ

  Blood pressure

  ঙ

  Nitrogen balance
• 12 hours following acute blood loss one would expect the following results in the patients full blood count A,
  ক

  Raised reticulocyte count

  খ

  Fall in haematocrit

  গ

  Reduced mean corpuscular volume

  ঘ

  Low platelets count

  ঙ

  Low white cell count
• Diagnosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome is based on the following feature/s
  ক

  Azotemia

  খ

  Thrombocytopenia

  গ

  Increased LDH

  ঘ

  Hematuria

  ঙ

  Neutropenia