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In type -2 or proximal renal tubular acidosis
A Urinary acidification occurs in collecting duct
B There is hypokalemia
C PCT fails to secrete hydrogen ions -
D There is reabsorption of bicarbonate ions
E Urinary pH is > 5.5
Renal tubular acidosis is associated with
A Failure to secrete to hydrogen ion in distal tubule
B Nephrocalcinosis
C Growth retardation
D Increased bicarbonate ion reabsorption in proximal tubule
E Increased anion gap
Renal tubular acidosis may presents with
A Failure to thrive
B Polyuria
C Polydipsia
D Anemia
E Hypertension
Type 1 renal tubular acidosis is characterized by
A Failure of H+ ion secretion
B Normal anion gap
C Low sodium
D Hypercalcemia
E High serum potassium
Cause(s) of distal renal tubular (type I) acidosis is (are)
A Sjogren's syndrome
B Lithium therapy
C Amyloidosis
D Hypoaldosteronism
E Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Features of renal tubular acidosis are
A Acidosis
B Hypokalemia
C Hypercholremia
D Hyperkalemia
E Increased anion gap
Na+ can be transported across the luminal membrane of renal tubular cells by
A Co-transport with organic solutes
B Counter transport with H+
C Through Na+ channels
D Sodium potassium ATPase system
E Counter transport with Ca++
Na+ can be transported across the luminal membrane of the renal tubular cells by
A Counter transport with H+
B Cotransport with glucose
C Passive diffusion through sodium channels
D Sodium potassium ATPase system
E Counter transport with Ca++
Renal tubular function tests are
A Water deprivation test
B Acid load test
C Osmolality measurements in plasma and urine
D Albuminuria
E Creatinine clearance rate
Renal tubular function can be evaluated by
A Water deprivation test
B Measuring B2-microglobulin in the urine
C Measuring albumin to creatinine ratio
D Measuring creatinine clearance rate
E Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGF

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