Renal system MCQ 90+

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• In cysteinuria reabsorption of following amino acids are defective
  ক

  Ornithine

  খ

  Arginine

  গ

  Lysine

  ঘ

  Alanine

  ঙ

  Methionine
• A 18-year-old patient presented with hypertension and recurrent weakness of all four limbs. His serum Na+ 140 mmol/L, serum K+ 2.6 mmol/L, serum HC03" 30 mmol/L. Probable cause/s is/are
  ক

  Cushing’s syndrome

  খ

  Conn’s syndrome

  গ

  Bartter’s syndrome

  ঘ

  Diarrhea

  ঙ

  Enterocutaneous fistula
• The micturition reflex
  ক

  Is an autonomic reflex

  খ

  Can be voluntarily controlled by pelvic nerve

  গ

  Is self regenerative

  ঘ

  Center is located at L2 to L4

  ঙ

  Is inhibited by exercise
• Process of micturition involves
  ক

  Bearing down effort

  খ

  Descent of the bladder base

  গ

  Opening of internal sphincter

  ঘ

  Contraction of pelvic diaphragm

  ঙ

  Dilatation of urethra from below upwards
• Cutting the sympathetic nerves to the urinary bladder may cause
  ক

  Loss of tone in intemal sphincter

  খ

  Loss of pain sensation in bladder

  গ

  Over active bladder

  ঘ

  Difficulty in-emptying the bladder

  ঙ

  Increase in bladder capacity
• Reducing substances found in urine are
  ক

  Glucose

  খ

  L-xylulose

  গ

  Ascorbic acid

  ঘ

  Bile salt

  ঙ

  Urobilinogen
• The blood urea is elevated in the following conditions
  ক

  Severe dehydration

  খ

  Tubular necrosis

  গ

  Pregnancy

  ঘ

  Diabetes insipidus

  ঙ

  Cortical necrosis
• Heavy proteinuria >4g/day is associated with the following clinical conditions-
  ক

  Nephrotic syndrome

  খ

  Nephrosclerosis

  গ

  Systemic lupus erythematosus

  ঘ

  Polycystic kidney disease

  ঙ

  Chronic interstitial nephritis
• Causes of Bence Jones proteinuria are
  ক

  Multiple myeloma

  খ

  Systemic lupus erythematosus

  গ

  Glomerulonephritis

  ঘ

  Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia

  ঙ

  Heavy chain disease
• Routine microscopic examination of urine provides information about diseases like
  ক

  Extensive acute renal tubular damage

  খ

  Transitional cell carcinoma

  গ

  Diabetes insipidus

  ঘ

  Multiple myeloma

  ঙ

  Genitourinary tuberculosis.
• Routine & microscopic examination of urine is important in the diagnosis of
  ক

  Diabetes mellitus

  খ

  Nephropathy

  গ

  Urothelial carcinoma

  ঘ

  Multiple myeloma

  ঙ

  Genitourinary tuberculosis
• Urine specific gravity is relatively fixed in
  ক

  Chronic renal failure

  খ

  Acute glomerulonephritis

  গ

  Chronic glomerulonephritis

  ঘ

  Chronic pyetonephritis

  ঙ

  Renal tuberculosis
• The urine color becomes dark on standing in the following conditions
  ক

  Alkaptonuria

  খ

  Metronidazlole intake

  গ

  Porphyria

  ঘ

  Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

  ঙ

  Chyluria
• Renal functions tests are
  ক

  Specific gravity of urine

  খ

  Urine PH

  গ

  Serum creatinine

  ঘ

  Serum electrolytes

  ঙ

  GFR estimation
• Serum urea may increase in
  ক

  Reduced GFR

  খ

  High protein diet

  গ

  Use of corticosteroid

  ঘ

  Pregnancy

  ঙ

  Chronic liver disease
• Urine specific gravity is fixed in
  ক

  Chronic renal failure

  খ

  Acute glomerulonephritis

  গ

  Chronic pyelonephritis

  ঘ

  Renal tuberculosis

  ঙ

  Polycystic kidney disease
• Followings are needed to measure CCR
  ক

  Timed 24 hour urine

  খ

  Serum creatinine level

  গ

  Urine creatinine level

  ঘ

  Morning specimen of urine

  ঙ

  Serum urea level
• Microalbuminuria
  ক

  Is an indicator of incipient nephropathy

  খ

  Is defined as albumin excretion rate from 30 to 300 mg/ 24hrs

  গ

  Means excretion of small- sized albumin in the urine

  ঘ

  Is a marker of renal tubular function

  ঙ

  Can be measured by eGFR
• Causes of heavy proteinuria are
  ক

  Multiple myeloma

  খ

  Nephrotic syndrome

  গ

  Toxaemia of pregnancy

  ঘ

  Chronic pyelonephritis

  ঙ

  Cystitis glandularis
• Glomerular function tests are
  ক

  e-GFR

  খ

  Creatinine clearance rate

  গ

  Acid load test

  ঘ

  Water deprivation test

  ঙ

  Test for β2 microglobulin
• Impaired renal function leads to
  ক

  Hyper kalaemia

  খ

  Increased blood urea nitrogen -

  গ

  Hypercalcaemia

  ঘ

  Alkalaemia

  ঙ

  Increase creatinine clearance rate
• Tests for glomerular function are
  ক

  Creatinine clearance test

  খ

  eGFR

  গ

  Water deprivation test

  ঘ

  Acid load test

  ঙ

  Specific gravity of urine
• Renal function tests are
  ক

  Micturating cystourethrogram

  খ

  Serum creatinine

  গ

  DTPA renogram

  ঘ

  Creatinine clearance rate estimation

  ঙ

  Retrograde ureteropyelography
• Estimation of GFR requires following parameters
  ক

  Weight

  খ

  Age

  গ

  Height

  ঘ

  Urinary excretion of protein

  ঙ

  Urinary excretion of sodium
• eGFR is not reliable in:
  ক

  Muscle wasting

  খ

  Pregnant woman

  গ

  Edematous patient

  ঘ

  Stage-IV chronic kidney disease

  ঙ

  Diabetic nephropathy
• Glomerular function tests
  ক

  Creatinine clearance rate

  খ

  eGFR

  গ

  Acid load test

  ঘ

  Water deprivation test

  ঙ

  Test for 2-microglobulin in the urine
• The renal plasma clearance value of a substance is
  ক

  Directly related to the rate of urine formation

  খ

  Expressed in units of volume per unit time

  গ

  Inversely related to its urinary concentration

  ঘ

  Directly related to its plasma concentration

  ঙ

  The volume of urine that contains the amount of the substance
• Renal concentrating power can be assessed by
  ক

  Water deprivation test

  খ

  Examination of urinary specific gravity

  গ

  Examination of urinary osmolarity

  ঘ

  Examination of urine for protein

  ঙ

  Examination of urine for glucose
• Renal tubular function tests are
  ক

  Water deprivation test

  খ

  Acid load test

  গ

  Osmolality measurements in plasma and urine

  ঘ

  Albuminuria

  ঙ

  Creatinine clearance rate
• Urinary reducing substances are
  ক

  Glucose

  খ

  Ascorbic acid

  গ

  L-xylose

  ঘ

  Bile salt

  ঙ

  Urobilinogen