H MCQ 21+

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• Regarding Hirschsprung's disease
  ক

  Symptoms start at birth

  খ

  Causes dynamic bowel obstruction

  গ

  Abnormality is restricted to the rectosigmoid in majority of cases

  ঘ

  X-ray shows non dilated proximal colon

  ঙ

  Presence of ganglion cells in the affected gut wall is the histological feature
• In Hirschprung's disease
  ক

  Constipation is a common presentation

  খ

  Ganglion cells are present in diseased segment

  গ

  Hypertrophied nerve bundles are present in diseased segment

  ঘ

  The whole intestine is never involved

  ঙ

  Clinical features are not present at birth
• Regarding Hirschprungs disease
  ক

  Pathology lies in rectum and colon

  খ

  Can be diagnosed by full thickness rectal biopsy

  গ

  Acquired aganglionosis of large bowel may be present

  ঘ

  Usually common in adult life

  ঙ

  Can be treated by dietary means
• Characteristic feature of congenital mega colon are
  ক

  Enterocolitis

  খ

  Abdominal distension

  গ

  Poor weight gain

  ঘ

  Encopresis

  ঙ

  Stool in rectal ampulla
• Features of Hirschsprung's disease include
  ক

  It is not associated with enterocolitis

  খ

  It involves the large intestine

  গ

  There are no ganglion cells in the Auerbach's plexus

  ঘ

  There is increased incidence in a patient with Down's syndrome

  ঙ

  It is more common in girls
• Which of the following statements regarding the Hirschprungs disease
  ক

  There is an increase incidence of down syndrome

  খ

  It may be associated with enterocolitis

  গ

  It does not confined to small intestine

  ঘ

  There is ganglion cell seen in auerbach’s plexus

  ঙ

  It is more common in enterocolitis
• The components of ORS solution include
  ক

  Sodium 90 mmol/L

  খ

  Bicarbonate 30mmol/L

  গ

  Potassium 50mmol /L

  ঘ

  Chloride 100mmol/L

  ঙ

  Glucose 120mmol/L
• The following fluids contain Potassium
  ক

  Ringer’s lactate Solution

  খ

  Cholera saline

  গ

  Hartmann’s solution

  ঘ

  10% baby saline

  ঙ

  5% dextrose in aqua
• In fluid therapy
  ক

  Patient's weight is important

  খ

  Urine output should be measured cautiously over 24 hours

  গ

  5% dextrose in saline is hypertonic

  ঘ

  Patient's height is important

  ঙ

  Dextrose saline is isotonic
• Causes of fluid loss in surgical patient include
  ক

  Peritonitis

  খ

  Acute intestinal obstruction

  গ

  Hyperventilation

  ঘ

  Perianal fistula

  ঙ

  Intestinal tuberculosis
• Hartmanns solution
  ক

  Contains potassium ions

  খ

  Is iso-osmolar with extracellular fluid

  গ

  Contains lactate

  ঘ

  Contains phosphate

  ঙ

  Contains no sodium
• Hartmann's solution contains
  ক

  Sodium

  খ

  Potassium

  গ

  Calcium

  ঘ

  Magnesium

  ঙ

  Bicarbonate
• Components of Horners syndrome include
  ক

  Ipsilateral partial ptosis

  খ

  Ipsilateral anhydrosis

  গ

  External ophthalmoplegia

  ঘ

  Ipsilateral exopthalmos

  ঙ

  Ipsilateral facial palsy
• Horner's syndrome includes
  ক

  Enophthalmos

  খ

  Ipsilateral ptosis

  গ

  Ipsilateral facial flushing

  ঘ

  Bilateral ptosis

  ঙ

  Ipsilateral facial swelling
• Features of Horner's syndrome include
  ক

  Partial ptosis

  খ

  Anhydrosis

  গ

  Facial palsy

  ঘ

  Exophthalmos

  ঙ

  External opthalmoplegia
• Feature of Horner's syndrome are
  ক

  Anhydrosis

  খ

  Partial ptosis

  গ

  Dilated pupil

  ঘ

  Impairment of lateral movement of the eyeball

  ঙ

  Nystagmus
• Hormones that act by activation of gene include
  ক

  Aldosterone

  খ

  Thyroid hormones

  গ

  Calcitriol

  ঘ

  Glucagon

  ঙ

  Insulin
• Following hormones act through the 2nd messenger system
  ক

  ADH

  খ

  Calictonin

  গ

  Androgens

  ঘ

  Calcitriol

  ঙ

  Thyroid hormones
• Hormones exert their effect via formation of cAMP are
  ক

  ADH

  খ

  Insulin

  গ

  Growth hormone

  ঘ

  Aldosterone

  ঙ

  Calcitriol
• Hormones those use the phospholipase C second messenger system are
  ক

  Oxytocin

  খ

  Thyrotropin releasing hormone

  গ

  Vasopressin

  ঘ

  Growth hormone

  ঙ

  Glucagon
• Hormones acting via cAMP are
  ক

  TSH

  খ

  ADH

  গ

  Parathormone

  ঘ

  Calcitrol

  ঙ

  Testosterone