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By the beginning of the 20th century, several hypotheses were being proposed, suggesting a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe. However, the clinching evidence was provided by experimental measurements of the position of a star which was directly behind our sun. Which of the following inference(s) may be drawn from the above passage? (i) Our understanding of the universe changes based on the positions of stars (ii) Paradigm shifts usually occur at the beginning of centuries (iii) Stars are important objects in the universe (iv) Experimental evidence was important in confirming this paradigm shift

By the beginning of the 20th century, several hypotheses were being proposed, suggesting a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe. However, the clinching evidence was provided by experimental measurements of the position of a star which was directly behind our sun. Which of the following inference(s) may be drawn from the above passage? (i) Our understanding of the universe changes based on the positions of stars (ii) Paradigm shifts usually occur at the beginning of centuries (iii) Stars are important objects in the universe (iv) Experimental evidence was important in confirming this paradigm shift Correct Answer (iv) only

The correct answer is Option 4 i.e (iv) only

Explanation:

Let's look at the key points from the paragraph.

  • Beginning of the 20th century saw several hypotheses being proposed
  • These proposed hypotheses brought in a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe.
  • The clinging evidence regarding the shift was provided by the experimental measurements of a star that was directly behind the sun. 

Let's look at the options given

  • Option 1 is wrong because from the above points we find that statements (i),(ii), given in the question are wrong
  • Option 2 is wrong because statement (iii) Stars are important objects in the universe is wrong. 
  • Option 3 is wrong because the statement (i) given in the question is wrong. Our understanding of the universe changed on the basis of the new hypotheses and not on the basis of the position of the stars. 
  • Option 4 is correct because the statement (iv) given in the question is correct. Experimental evidence (measurements) was important in confirming the shift.

Hence Option 4 is the correct answer. 

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