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Saurabh shows the following characteristics in the inclusive classroom a) Holds books very close or very far from him while reading. b) Blinks often and close one eye or has redness in eye. c) May misread material on the chalkboard. These are an indication of - 

Saurabh shows the following characteristics in the inclusive classroom a) Holds books very close or very far from him while reading. b) Blinks often and close one eye or has redness in eye. c) May misread material on the chalkboard. These are an indication of -  Correct Answer Visual impairment

An inclusive classroom is a classroom where all the students with or without learning difficulties learn together. All the students taught equally and the teacher provides equal opportunities to all.

Key Points

  • ​Disability refers to the inability to perform the normal functions of daily living appropriate for that age. A disability could be physical ( cerebral palsy, orthopedic handicap), mental (mental retardation, learning abnormalities), or sensory (visual, speech and hearing).
  • It is important to identify the specific disability as early as possible and institute early and appropriate therapy. Here, Saurabh shows some characteristics in an inclusive classroom that is an indication of visual impairment.
  • Visual impairment (VI) refers to the condition arising due to significant loss of vision. It includes children who have major vision loss even if they use corrective glasses.
  • The nature and degree of visual impairment will vary from child to child; so, to learn effectively, each student with VI may require specific adaptations to teaching-learning practices and materials, depending on the type and degree of vision loss.
  • The child shows the following symptoms in an inclusive classroom:  
    • Shutting or covering one eye for visual tasks
    • Using finger as a line marker while reading
    • May misread material on the chalkboard
    • Excessive rubbing of eyes, constant frowning
    • Head-tilt or head-turn when looking at something
    • Blinks often and close one eye or has redness in the eye
    • Holds books very close or very far from him while reading

Thus, it is concluded that the above characteristics are an indication of visual impairment.

Hint

  • Dyslexia: It has been used to refer to the specific learning problem of reading. Dyslexia is not due to mental retardation, brain damage, or a lack of intelligence. It is caused by an impairment in the brain’s ability to translate images received from the eyes or ears into understandable language. The severity of dyslexia can vary from mild to severe. It is found more often in boys than in girls. The sooner dyslexia is treated, the more favorable the outcome; however, it is never too late for people with dyslexia to learn to improve their language skills.
  • Cerebral palsy is a disorder causing problems with movement and balance. It is caused by brain damage or mal-development of the developing brain resulting in physical disability in varying degrees. The physical disabilities may co-exist with other associated problems of hearing, vision, language and communication, intellectual disabilities, autism, and specific learning disabilities such as dyslexia. Some children with cerebral palsy also suffer from epilepsy.
  • Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder. It is a weakness or paralysis of speech muscles caused by damage to the nerves and/or brain. A person with dysarthria may experience any of the following symptoms, depending on the extent and location of damage to the nervous system: “slurred” speech, speaking softly or barely able to whisper, slow rate of speech, rapid rate of speech with a “mumbling” quality, limited tongue, lip, and jaw movement, abnormal intonation (rhythm) when speaking, changes in vocal quality (“nasal” speech or sounding “stuffy”), hoarseness, breathiness, drooling or poor control of saliva, chewing and swallowing difficulty, etc.

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