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Consider the equal-area criterion graphs shown in the given figure. When the power system is operating such that A2 < A1(case C), the system is said to be:

Consider the equal-area criterion graphs shown in the given figure. When the power system is operating such that A2 < A1(case C), the system is said to be: Correct Answer unstable

Equal Area Criteria:

  • The equal-area criterion is a simple graphical method for concluding the transient stability of two-machine systems or a single machine against an infinite bus.
  • The principle of this method consists of the basis that when δ oscillates around the equilibrium point with constant amplitude, transient stability will be maintained.


There are two areas in the curve as shown in question, which can be explained as-

The area A1 represents the kinetic energy stored by the rotor during acceleration, and the A2 represents the kinetic energy given up by the rotor to the system, and when it is all given up, the machine has returned to its original speed.

There are 3 cases of defining stability of the system using equal area criteria-

  • Case A: When A1 = A2, the system is said to be critically stable.
  • Case B: When A1 < A2, the system is said to be stable
  • Case C: when A1 > A2, the system is said to be unstable.

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