Bissoy.com
Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

Given below are two statements Statement I: In research, 'Null hypothesis' when rejected, offers the scope for accepting the alternative or substantive research hypothesis. Statement II: When the Null hypothesis is rejected, there will be chances for committing 'Beta' rather than 'Alpha' error. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Given below are two statements Statement I: In research, 'Null hypothesis' when rejected, offers the scope for accepting the alternative or substantive research hypothesis. Statement II: When the Null hypothesis is rejected, there will be chances for committing 'Beta' rather than 'Alpha' error. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below Correct Answer Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Hypothesis -  The term hypothesis means prediction or tentative statement. We form a hypothesis before doing research. A hypothesis is tested on various parameters in order to know the relation between the variables. A good hypothesis should be clear and precise. It should be capable of being tested. It must be stated in simple terms. It makes the research more meaningful by giving direction to the research. There are two types of hypotheses one is the Null Hypothesis and the other is the Alternate hypothesis.

Null Hypothesis (H0):

  • The null hypothesis means there is no difference between the two situations.
  • It is denoted by the symbol  (Ho ).
  • Null Hypothesis statements are not proved by the researcher.
  • It is assumed that there is no observed effect between two null hypothesis statements.
  • Example - In an analysis, if we compare Method A and Method B, we proceed with the assumption that both methods are equally good then this assumption is termed as the Null Hypothesis.

Alternate Hypothesis (H1):

  • The alternate hypothesis is also known as a substantive research hypothesis.
  • It is denoted by the symbol (H1) or (Ha).
  • It means a statement in which there is a statistically significant difference between two measured phenomena.
  • Alternate Hypothesis statements are proved by the researcher.
  • It is assumed that there is some observed effect between two alternate hypothesis statements.
  • Example - In an analysis, if we found that boys are more good in math than girls. This tentative statement is known as an Alternate hypothesis as there exists a difference between the two variables.

Confusion Points

  •  The null hypothesis shows no relationship between the variables chosen.
  • Alternative hypothesis tries to establish the relationship between the variables. 
  • If the researcher is unable to prove the validity of the alternative hypothesis, the null hypothesis gets acceptance.
  • Similarly, the rejection of the null hypothesis assumes the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis or research hypothesis. 

Hence, statement 1 is correct.

Types of Error - There are two types of error i.e. Type I error and Type II error

Type I Error
  • If the Null hypothesis is correct but still rejected by the researcher it is called a Type I error.
  • It is denoted by the Greek letter alpha (a). Also called an alpha error.
  • It is an incorrect rejection of a true Null hypothesis that's why it is a false positive.
Type II error
  • If the Null hypothesis is wrong but still accepted by the researcher it is called a Type II error.
  • It is denoted by the Greek letter beta (B). Also called a beta error.
  • It is an incorrect acceptance of a false Null hypothesis that's why it is a false negative.

Thus, both Statements I and Statement II are correct.

Related Questions

A college/university teacher plans to test his/her substantive research hypothesis in a major project. Which of the following statements are considered relevant in this regard? A. Substantive research hypothesis has to clearly specify the relationship among variables B. Research hypothesis may be directed at finding out differential effects or relationships C. Null hypothesis should be formulated beforehend D. There is direct support available for testing the substantive research hypothesis E. The final decision on the research hypothesis may be reached indirectly by deciding the fate of the Null hypothesis Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
When a particular ‘statistics’ in a research situation is evidently declared to be significant, which of the following decisions will be considered tenable ? A. Null hypothesis is rejected B. Alternative hypothesis is accepted C. Null hypothesis is accepted D. Alternative hypothesis is rejected E. Null hypothesis along with the alternate hypothesis are accepted. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A research scholar finds through statistical analysis that the value of 't' is significant. What decision is warranted on the basis of this hypothesis? A. The Null hypothesis should be rejected B. The research hypothesis should be accepted C. The null hypothesis should be accepted D. The research hypothesis should be rejected E. No decision is warranted in respect of the research hypothesis Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Given below are two statements : One is labeled as Assertion A and the other is labeled as Reason R. Assertion (A) : When Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected, researcher's hypothesis (H1) is accepted.  Reason (R) : Null Hypothesis (H0) is a chance hypothesis and as such (H1) being true, the researcher's hypothesis lies in the domain of acceptability.  In the light of the above statements, Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : 
Alpha, Beta and Gama went for a picnic at Jurassic Park, when they feel hungry they took out the stuff they brought. Alpha bought 6 sandwiches while Beta bought 4 and Gamma bought none. Both Alpha and Beta shared their sandwiches with Gamma such that each got the same amount. If Gamma paid a total amount of Rs. 10 to Alpha and Beta, how much of Rs. 10 should Alpha get ? (Assume that sandwiches and rupees can be split.)
The scope for violating research ethics is considered to be relevant in respect of which of the following stages in a research study? A. Formulating research hypothesis and setting up a Null hypothesis for testing it B. Defining and delimiting the scope of the research study C. Analysing and interpreting research data D. In defining a research population and method of sampling E. Reporting the research findings and using the same as a basis for policy formulation Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
In conducting an empirical study a researcher employs a non-parametric test for data analysis and finds that the ‘statistics’ arrived at is ‘significant’ at .05 level. What decisions will be warranted thereafter? (A) Rejecting the Null hypothesis (H0) (B) Accepting the Null hypothesis (H0) (C) Accepting the alternate hypothesis (H1) (D) Keeping the decision in abeyance (E) Rejecting the alternate hypothesis (H1) Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
If the equation 2x2 - 7x + 12 = 0 has two roots $$\alpha$$ and $$\beta$$, then the value of $$\frac{\alpha }{\beta }{\text{ + }}\frac{\beta }{\alpha }\,{\text{is?}}$$
The Taj Mahal Palace opened in Mumbai, in 1903. Alpha, Beta and Gamma three friends had a dinner at one of its famous restaurant. When the bill was received, Alpha paid 4/3 as much as Beta paid and Beta paid 1/4 as much as Gamma paid. What fraction of the bill did Beta pay?
Alpha, Beta and Gama are three masons appointed in a construction company. They got a task and all of them began the work together. Alpha can finish the task in 12 days, Beta in 10 days and Gama in 15 days. Due to fracture in his hand, Alpha had to leave his job after 4 days of his appointment. Five days before the completion of the task Beta leave. How long did the work last?