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The hop­-by­-hop option is used when the source needs to pass information to all routers visited by the datagram. There are 3 such options that have been defined so far. Which of the following options is designed for aligning 2 or more bytes of data?

The hop­-by­-hop option is used when the source needs to pass information to all routers visited by the datagram. There are 3 such options that have been defined so far. Which of the following options is designed for aligning 2 or more bytes of data? Correct Answer Pad N

The correct answer is option 4.

Concept:

When the source needs to send information to all routers visited by the datagram, the hop by hop option is used. To ensure 8-byte boundaries, padding options are employed. Another example of how IPv6's designers wanted to optimize IPv6 packet processing at intermediate routers is the interpretation of the Header Extension Length field in the Hop-by-Hop Options header.

Jumbo payload:

False, An optional feature of IPv6, the jumbo payload option, allows the exchange of packets with payloads of up to one byte less than 4 GiB (232− 1 = 4,294,967,295 bytes), by making use of a 32-bit length field. If the data is more than 4 bytes we can not align.

Pad N:

Pad N is designed for aligning 2 or more bytes of data to ensure N x 8-byte boundaries. 

Hence the correct answer is Pad N.

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