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Consider the following nature of the socio-religious reform movements in different parts of India: 1. They appealed only to a small elite group who were primarily the economic and cultural beneficiaries of colonial rule. 2. Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna Mission and the Deoband movement belonged to Revivalist movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following nature of the socio-religious reform movements in different parts of India: 1. They appealed only to a small elite group who were primarily the economic and cultural beneficiaries of colonial rule. 2. Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna Mission and the Deoband movement belonged to Revivalist movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Correct Answer Both 1 and 2

The Correct Answer is Option 3 i.e. Both 1 and 2.

  • The reform movements fall in two broad categories:
    • One, Reformist movements like the Brahmo Samaj, the Prarthana Samaj and the Aligarh movement.
    • Two, Revivalist movement like the Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna Mission and the Deoband movement. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
  • Both aim to bring the purity of the religion but the former more relied upon reason and conscience.
  • While, the latter relied upon safeguarding the national culture from the attack of the West.
  • The latter were more disposed primarily to look at their Sastras and past history, their traditions and institutions which were in vogue when the nation was at the zenith of its glory.
  • Socio-religious reform movements during 19th century appealed only to a small elite group who were primarily the economic and cultural beneficiaries of colonial rule. Hence, Statement 1 is Correct.
  • These movements remained confined to a narrow social space.
  • Most of them were Western educated elite and made money as junior partners of the English officers and free merchants, consolidated their position as small landholder under the Permanent Settlement.
  • Brahmo movement was exclusively patronized by these groups.
  • They never tried to take the reform to the people.

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