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Who defined culture as a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, law, morals customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society’?

Who defined culture as a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, law, morals customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society’? Correct Answer E. B. Tylor 

As per Edward B Tylor, culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capability acquired by man as a member of society.

Culture distinguishes a man from an animal. It is a culture that shapes our attitudes, social beliefs, values, and norms. So, culture and society cannot be separated.

Characteristics of Culture

  • Culture is transmitted: Culture is handed down from one generation to the other and also between nations and people within the lifetime. Culture is what we receive from previous generations and subsequently adapt to. It is transmitted to humans by parents, teachers, friends through traditions, customs, etc.
  • Culture is social: Culture is acquired through social life. A human being is a social animal and has a culture of its own. Culture is shaped by our social interaction and is bound up with social relations within the members of a group.
  • Culture is learned and shared: Culture is a behavior acquired by a man from his birth and as a member of society. When a human baby is born, it is helpless. It does not have the pattern of behavior that is required for living in society or culture is not innate. Culture is shared through communication and cooperation by the members of society.
  • Culture is symbolic: A symbol is something on which some value is bestowed by us or it has a meaning. The meaning of symbols is a matter of cultural intervention. 
  • Culture is dynamic: It is no longer seen as static, natural, well-bounded, and independent of political power.

 

Additional Information

Social mobility It is meant any transition from one social position to another. Change in social position involves generally significant change in life-chances and lifestyles.
Social Change  it involves alterations in the structure or functioning of social forms or processes themselves.
Individual development  It refers to the process of development in one's potential, talents, skills, etc. It also includes overcoming bad habits.

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