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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. During the summer in the Arctic Ocean, sea ice has been melting earlier and faster, and the winter freeze has been coming later. In the last three decades, the extent of summer ice has declined by about 30 percent. The lengthening period of summer melt threatens to undermine the whole Arctic food web, atop which stand polar bears. Which among the following is the most crucial message conveyed by the above passage?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. During the summer in the Arctic Ocean, sea ice has been melting earlier and faster, and the winter freeze has been coming later. In the last three decades, the extent of summer ice has declined by about 30 percent. The lengthening period of summer melt threatens to undermine the whole Arctic food web, atop which stand polar bears. Which among the following is the most crucial message conveyed by the above passage? Correct Answer    Climate change poses a threat to the survival of polar bears.

The correct answer is "Climate change poses a threat to the survival of polar bears."

Key Points

  • Let us look at options one by one:
  • option (1)- It talks about "Climate change has caused Arctic summer to be short but temperature to be high". This statement is completely wrong. The author states that the size of whole Arctic ice present during the summer time is becoming shorter and shorter day by day not the time of summer. Hence, this statement is wrong.
  • Option (2)- This statement reads "Polar bears can be shifted to South Pole to ensure their survival." There is no mention of the idea of the polar bears being shifted to the South pole. Hence, this statement is wrong.
  • Option (3)- This statement reads "Without the presence of polar bears, the food chains in Artic region will disappear." This statement is true but clearly not the exact message what this passage is written for. In fact, this will be the effect of the endangered polar bears if they get submerged due to the melting of huge ice caps of Arctic ocean then the food chain will be affected. Hence, this statement is not the most crucial message of the passage.
  • Option (4)- This statement reads "Climate change poses a threat to the survival of polar bears." It is the most crucial message what the writer wants to say through the passage. The whole passage indicates about the rising of global temperature which is nothing but Climate change. This has resulted in early coming of summer melting of ice and late coming of winter freezing of ice, It has also increased the period of summer. Due to which Arctic ocean ice caps are melting more and more year by year and is posing a serious threat to the lives of 'polar bears" .As they are the one who resides above the sea caps may get submerged in the times to come if this problem is not kept in check. 
  • Hence, the correct answer is option (4).

Related Questions

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. In the last two decades, the world's gross domestic product (GDP) has increased by 50 percent, whereas inclusive wealth has increased by a mere 3 percent. In recent decades, GDP-driven economic performance has only harmed inclusive wealth like human capital; and natural capital like forests, land and water. While the world's human capital which stands at 57 percent of total inclusive wealth grew by only 8 percent, the natural capital which is 23 percent of total inclusive wealth declined by 30 percent worldwide in the last two decades. Which of the following is the most crucial inference from the above passage?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. Why do people prefer open defection and not want toilets or, if they have them, only use them sometimes? Recent research has shown two critical elements : ideas of purity and pollution, and not wanting pits or septic tanks to fill because they have to be emptied. These are the issues that nobody wants to talk about, but if we want to eradicate the practice of open defecation, they have to be confronted and dealt properly. Which among the following is the most crucial message conveyed by the above passage?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. By 2020, when the global economy is expected to run short of 56 million young people, India, with its youth surplus of 47 million, could fill the gap. It is in this context that labour reforms are often cited as the way to unlock double-digit growth in India. In 2014, India's labour force was estimated to be about 40 percent of the population, but 93 percent of this force was in unorganized sector. Over the last decade, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of employment has slowed to 0.5 percent, with about 14 million jobs created during last year when the labour force increased by about 15 million. Which of the following is the most rational inference from the above passage? 
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. We live in digital times. The digital is not just something we use strategically and specifically to do a few tasks. Our very perception of who we are, how we connect to the world around us, and the ways in which we define our domains of life, labour and language are hugely structured by the digital technologies. The digital is everywhere and, like air, invisible. We live within digital systems, we live with intimate gadgets, we interact through digital media, and the very presence and imagination of the digital has dramatically restructured our lives. The digital, far from being a tool, is a condition and context that defines the shapes and boundaries of our understanding of the self, the society, and the structure of governance. Which among the following is the most logical and essential message conveyed by the above passage?
The diagram shows the survey on a sample of 197 persons with reference to their preferences for three seasons that is winter, summer, and spring. 120 persons like spring season, 100 like Winter Season, and 90 like summer season. 50 persons like both spring and winter season only, 25 like both summer and winter season only, and 18 like both spring and summer season only. 10 persons like all three seasons. How many persons like only the winter season?
Read the following passage carefully and choose the most appropriate answer to the question out of the four alternatives.
Riparian vegetation [the green band of vegetation along a watercourse] can help stabilize stream banks; filter sediment from surface runoff; and provide wildlife habitat, livestock forage,and scenic value. Well-developed vegetation also allows bank soils to absorb extra water during spring runoff, releasing it later during drier months, thus improving late-summer stream flows. In many parts of the arid West, trees and shrubs are found only in riparian areas. Woody plants are very important as winter cover for many wildlife species, including upland game birds such as pheasants and turkeys. Often this winter cover is the greatest single factor limiting game bird populations. Woody vegetation also provides hiding cover and browse for many other species of birds and mammals, both game and nongame. Dead trees ("snags") are an integral part of streamside habitats and should be left standing whenever possible. Woodpeckers, nuthatches, brown creepers, and other birds eat the insects that decompose the wood. These insects usually pose no threat to nearby living trees. Occasionally a disease organism or misuse of pesticides will weaken or kill a stand of trees. If several trees in a small area begin to die, contact your local extension agent immediately . What is the overall sense conveyed by the author when the specific birds that live in riparian areas are listed in the passage?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. An innovative India will be inclusive as well as technologically advanced, improving the lives of all Indians. Innovation and R&D can mitigate increases in social inequality and relieve the pressures created by rapid urbanization. The growing divergence in productivity between agriculture and knowledge-intensive manufacturing and services threatens to increase income inequality. By encouraging India's R&D labs and universities to focus on the needs of poor people and by improving the ability of informal firms to absorb knowledge, an innovation and research agenda can counter this effect. Inclusive innovation can lower the costs of goods and services and create income-earning opportunities for the poor people. Which among the following is the most logical and rational assumption that can be made from the above passage?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. Many farmers use synthetic pesticides to kill infesting insects. The consumption of pesticides in some of the developed countries is touching 3000 grams/hectare. Unfortunately, there are reports that these compounds possess inherent toxicities that endanger the health of the farm operators, consumers and the environment. Synthetic pesticides are generally persistent in environment. Entering in food chain they destroy the microbial diversity and cause ecological imbalance. Their indiscriminate use has resulted in development of resistance among insects to insecticides, upsetting of balance in nature and resources of treated populations. Natural pest control using the botanical pesticides is safer to the user and the environment because they break down into harmless compounds within hours or days in the presence of sunlight. Plants with pesticidal properties have been in nature for millions of years without any ill or adverse effects on the ecosystem. They are easily decomposed by many microbes common in most soils. They help in the maintenance of biological diversity of predators and human health hazards. Botanical pesticides formulated from plants are biodegradable and their use in crop protection is a practical sustainable alternative. On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Synthetic pesticides should never be used in modern agriculture. 2. One of the aims of sustainable agriculture is to ensure minimal ecological imbalance. 3. Botanical pesticides are more effective as compared to synthetic pesticides. Which of the assumptions given above is/are correct?
Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answers to this item should be based on the passage only. There has been a significant trend worldwide towards regionalism in government, resulting in a widespread transfer of powers downwards towards regions and communities since 1990s. This process, which involves the creation of new political entities and bodies at a sub-national level and an increase in their content and powers, is known as devolution. Devolution has been characterized as being made up of three factors-political legitimacy, decentralization of authority and decentralization of resources. Political legitimacy here means a mass demand from below for the decentralization process, which is able to create a political force for it to take place. In many cases, decentralization is initiated by the upper tier of government without sufficient political mobilization for it at the grassroots level, and in such cases the decentralization process often does not fulfill its objectives. Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?
Molten steel is kept in a ladle. Due in natural convection. mixing occurs inside the melt. A 1cm diameter sphere is held in the centre of the melt where the steel flows upward. so as to measure the force exerted by the melt on the sphere. The force. F exerted by the melt on the sphere is given by $$F = f\left( {\frac{\pi }{8}} \right).\left( {\frac{{{\mu ^2}}}{8}} \right){\left( {\operatorname{Re} } \right)^2}.$$
Data: Density of liquid steels
= 7100 kg. m-3
Viscosity of liquid steel
= 6.5 × 10-3 kg. m-1. s-1
Reynolds number (Re) of the melt
= 5 × 103
Friction factor (f) = 0.3
The velocity of melt (m.s-1) in the central portion of the ladle would be