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Properties of light responsible for rainbows are 

Properties of light responsible for rainbows are  Correct Answer Refraction, Dispersion and Total Internal Reflection

CONCEPT:

  • Refraction: When a light ray travels from one medium to another medium, refraction of light takes place and it changes its path.
    • When ray travel from Rarer to a Denser medium, it bends towards normal after refraction.
    • When ray travel from Denser to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal after refraction.
  • Dispersion: When white light splits into its spectrum of colors (in order of VIBGYOR or violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red) is known as dispersion.
  • Diffraction: When a light wave passes through an opening or slit or by a corner that is the approximate size of, or even smaller than light's wavelength, diffraction occurs.
    • In diffraction of light, it tends to bend around that barrier and become spread out. 
  • Total internal reflection: It is the phenomenon that involves the reflection of all the incident light from the surface when light passes from denser to rarer medium and the angle of incidence is more than the critical angle.

EXPLANATION:

  • A rainbow is formed by sunlight.
  • The Light enters a water droplet, slowing down and bending as it goes from air to denser water. (Refraction)
  • The light reflects off the inside of the droplet. (Total Internal Reflection)
  • Different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds.
  • Since all component colours of light have different wavelengths that make light separating into its component colours. (Dispersion)
  • When light exits the droplet, it makes a rainbow.

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  • So, the Properties of light responsible for rainbows are Refraction, Dispersion, and Total Internal Reflection.
  • Hence the correct answer is option 2.

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