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'Thillana' is a form of

'Thillana' is a form of Correct Answer Bharatnatyam

The correct answer is Bharatnatyam.

Key Points

  • Thillana is a form of Bharatnatyam.

Additional Information

  • Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh)
    • Kuchipudi is the name of a village in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh which has a very long tradition of dance-drama.
    • It was known under the generic name of Yakshagaana.
    • In 17th century Kuchipudi style of Yakshagaana was conceived by Siddhendra Yogi.
    • He was steeped in the literary Yakshagaana tradition being guided by his guru Teerthanaaraayana Yogi who composed the Krishna-Leelatarangini, a kaavya in Sanskrit.
    • It is performed as dance drama i.e. performance in groups and also as solo items.
    • Costumes, ornaments and jewellery occupy an important place.
    • The solo items are Manduka Shabdam (story of frog maiden), Balgopala Taranga (dance on the edges of brass plate with a pitcher full of water on the head) and Tala Chitra Nritya (drawing pictures with dancing toes).
    • Yamini Krishnamurthy and Raja Reddy are prominent dancers.
  • Odissi (Odisha)
    • The major subjects of performance are lores of incarnations of Lord Vishnu and verses of Jayadeva’s Gita Govinda.
    • A soft dance backed by soothing lyrics and is similar to Bharatanatyam in terms of the mudras and expressions.
    • Termed as ‘mobile sculpture’ it incorporates two major postures - Tribhanga (the body is deflected at the neck, torso and the knees) and Chowk (a position imitating a square).
    • Sonal Mansingh and Kelucharan Mohapatra are the eminent performers.
  • Bharatnatyam (Tamil Nadu)
    • The Abhinaya Darpana by Nandikesvara is one of the main sources of textual material, for the study of the technique and grammar of body movement in Bharatnatyam Dance.
    • Bharatnatyam dance is known to be ekaharya, where one dancer takes on many roles in a single performance.
    • The dance involves transitional movements of the leg, hip and arm. Expressive eye movements and hand gestures are used to convey emotions.
    • The accompanying orchestra consists of a vocalist, a mridangam player, violinist or veena player, a flautist and a cymbal player.
    • The person who conducts the dance recitation is the Nattuvanar.
    • In its usual form, the dance is generally broken into seven main parts – Alarippu, Jatiswaran, Shabda, Varna, Pada, Thillana and Sloka.
    • Bharatnatyam poses are depicted on the gopurams of the Chidambaram temple (Tamil Nadu).
    • E. Krishna Iyer and Rukmini Devi Arundale had played a significant role in helping the dance regain its lost popularity and position.
  • Kathak (North India)
    • The word Kathak has been derived from the word Katha which means a story.
    • It was primarily a temple or village performance wherein the dancers narrated stories from ancient scriptures.
    • Kathak began evolving into a distinct mode of dance in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries with the spread of the bhakti movement.
    • The legends of Radha-Krishna were enacted in folk plays called rasa Lila, which combined folk dance with the basic gestures of the kathak story-tellers.
    • Under the Mughal emperors and their nobles, Kathak was performed in the court, where it acquired its present features and developed into a form of dance with a distinctive style.
    • Under the patronage of Wajid Ali Shah, the last Nawab of Awadh, it grew into a major art form.
    • Usually a solo performance, the dancer often pauses to recite verses followed by their execution through movement.
    • The focus is more on footwork; the movements are skillfully controlled and performed straight-legged by dancers wearing ankle-bells.
    • Kathak is the only form of classical dance wedded to Hindustani or the North Indian music.
    • Lady Leela Sokhey (Menaka) revived the classical style. Some prominent dancers include Birju Maharaj, Sitara Devi.

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