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Commonest cause of neonatal morbidity in India is :

Commonest cause of neonatal morbidity in India is : Correct Answer Prematurity and low birth weight

Explanation

  • Premature babies are usually more vulnerable to infection because their immune systems are immature.
  • A premature baby's immune system lacks antibodies and immunity means they can't fight off bacteria, viruses, or fungi in the same way that full-term babies can.
  • Neonates born before 37 weeks of gestation irrespective of the birth weight.
  • The major causes of neonatal morbidity (Prematurity and low birth weight) generally occur in pregnancies free of antecedent complications. 

Risks associated with prematurity

Central Nervous System

  • Immaturity of the CNS.
  • Recurrent apneic attack due to respiratory center immaturity.
  • Retinopathy of prematurity.
  • Vulnerable to Intraventricular or periventricular hemorrhage.

Respiratory system

  • Poor alveolar diffusion of gases.
  • Decreased surfactants.
  • Vulnerable to developing chronic pulmonary insufficiency.

Cardiovascular system

  • Closure of ductus arteriosus is delayed.
  • EKG shows left ventricular preponderance.
  • Risk for developing thromboembolic complications.

Thermoregulation

  • Excessive heat loss due to the relatively large surface area.

Infections

  • Low level of IgG antibodies.
  • Insufficient cellular maturity.

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