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Causes of mitral valve regurgitation
A Myocardial infarction
B Rheumatic heart disease
C Atherosclerosis
D Calcific aortic stenosis
E Senile degeneration
Aortic valve incompetence may cause
A Increase in arterial pulse pressure
B Systolic murmurs in the aortic valve area
C Decreased myocardial blood flow
D Left ventricular failure
E Hypertrophy of left ventricular muscle
which of the following structure passes through the aortic opening of the diaphragm?
A Thoracic duct
B Vagal trunk
C Azygos vein
D Inferior venacava
Derivatives of fourth aortic arch are:
A Arch of the aorta
B Proximal part of right subclavian artery
C Arch of the aorta
D Proximal part of right subclavian artery
E Internal carotid artery
F Common carotid artery
G Right pulmonary artery
H Internal carotid artery
I Common carotid artery
J Right pulmonary artery
Dicrotic notch in aortic pressure pulse curve
A Occurs at the end of protodiastole
B Coincides with second heart sound
C Occurs at the end of ventricular systole
D Occurs during rapid ventricular ejection phase
E Coincides with closure of AV valves
Predisposing factors for aortic dissection are
A Hypertension
B Pregnancy
C Coarctation of aorta
D Hypotension
E Mitral valve surgery
In aortic sclerosis, there is
A Slow rising upstroke and reduced amplitude of carotid pulse
B Reduced intensity A2
C Ejection systolic murmur in aortic area
D Heaving apex beat
E Palpable thrill in aortic area
Aortic incompetence
A Is associated with bicuspid aortic valve
B Causes pistol shot sounds at the femoral arteries
C Causes capillary pulsation in the nail bed
D Can result from type B aortic dissection
E Has a severity which is proportional to the intensity of the diastolic murmur
Losses which occur in rotating electric machines and do not occur in trans formers are
A friction and windage losses
B magnetic losses
C hysteresis and eddy current losses
D copper losses
Acute heart failure may occur in
A Myxedema
B Laparomatous condition
C Rheumatoid arthritis
D Rheumatic fever

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